拟穴青蟹不同卵巢发育时期各组织的脂肪酸组成

Fatty Acid Composition of Different Tissues in Different Ovarian Maturation Stages of Scylla paramamosain

甲壳动物卵巢成熟期的脂质积累是人工繁殖和繁育成功的重要基础.本研究对人工池塘养殖拟穴青蟹(Scylla paramamosain)不同卵巢发育时期的卵巢、肝胰腺和肌肉组织的脂类脂肪酸组成进行了分析.结果表明,卵巢指数随着卵巢发育成熟而显著增加(P<0.05),而肝胰腺指数则无明显变化;在卵黄发生期,卵巢总脂及极性脂含量显著高于卵黄发生前期(P<0.05);而肝胰腺的脂类主要为中性脂,且在卵巢发育前期显著升高,后逐渐降低;肌肉的脂类80%以上是极性脂,在卵巢发育过程中其含量无明显变化.随着卵巢的发育成熟,卵巢脂类n-3 PUFA尤其是DHA的含量逐渐增加,而n-6 PUFA的含量逐渐减少,其中极性脂LC-PUFA的含量明显高于中性脂;肝胰腺脂类脂肪酸主要为饱和脂肪酸,含量在40%以上,而LC-PUFA含量较低,最高仅为10.37%;肌肉脂类脂肪酸主要为SFA和LC-PUFA,尤其是极性脂中的LC-PUFA,其含量最高可达49.84%.研究表明,在拟穴青蟹不同卵巢发育时期,各主要组织的脂类脂肪酸呈现不同的蓄积模式.研究结果可为人工养殖拟穴青蟹亲蟹的培育及其人工配合饲料的开发提供一定的理论依据.

Lipid accumulation during the rapid ovarian maturation stage of crustaceans is an important foundation for the success of the artificial reproduction and breeding.This study was conducted to analyze the fatty acid composition of lipid classes in ovary,hepatopancreas and muscle tissues in different ovarian maturation stages of mud crab Scylla paramamosain cultured at pond.The results showed that with the maturation of the ovary,the gonadosomatic index and the content of total lipid as well as polar lipid increased significantly in ovary.The content of n-3PUFA,especially DHA,gradually increased in lipid of ovary,while the content of n-6 PUFA gradually decreased,and the content of LC-PUFA in polar lipid was significantly higher than that of neutral lipid.The hepatopancreas lipid was mainly the neutral lipid,which increased significantly in the early stage of ovarian development and then decreased gradually.Fatty acid composition of hepatopancreas was mainly saturated fatty acids,with a content of more than40%,while the content of LC-PUFA was low,with a maximum of only 10.37%.The total content of lipid was low in muscle(about 4%)with mainly polar lipid.Its content had no obvious change during ovarian maturation.The fatty acid composition was mainly SFA and LC-PUFA,especially LC-PUFA in polar lipid,which can reach 49.84%.The results showed that with the maturation of the ovary,fatty acid composition of lipids in different tissues showed different accumulation characteristics.The above results may provide a theoretical basis for the artificial cultivation of parent crabs and the development of artificial compound feed for mud crab.