我国绿色航运法律与政策的发展历程、现实挑战与未来展望

The Development History,Actual Challenge and Future Prospect of China’s Green Shipping Laws and Policies

我国绿色航运的法治化建设经历了立法文本从无到有,数量由少到多,立法理念由单一环境管理到协调发展,再到融入可持续发展航运治理理念的过程。实现绿色航运的法治化建设是完整、准确且全面贯彻新发展理念,做好碳达峰、碳中和工作的重要一环,也是应对全球气候变化的必然趋势。因此,我国必须在法制层面强化制度支撑,重视绿色航运法规层级低等现实挑战,完善港航环境保护与节能减排法制,构建航运业碳排放权交易机制,健全航运业节能减排激励政策,探索航运业绿色发展的金融支持机制,实现绿色航运资金、技术与能力建设的结合,发挥全球航运气候治理的引领作用。

The legislation construction of green shipping in China has experienced such processes as the legislative text from scratch to existence,the quantity from less to more,the legislative concept from single environmental management to coordinated development,and then integrating the concept of sustainable development of shipping governance.The realization of legislation construction of green shipping is not only an important part to implement the new idea of development in a complete,accurate and all-round way as well as to do well the work of carbon emissions peak and carbon neutrality,but also an inevitable trend to deal with global climate change.Therefore,China must play a leading role of global shipping climate governance in such aspects as intensifying the institutional support in the rule of law,attaching great importance to the low level of real challenge to green shipping laws,improving the legal system of the shipping environmental protection and energy conservation and emissions reduction,constructing the mechanism of carbon emissions permit trading in the shipping industry,promoting the incentive policies in terms of energy conservation and emissions reduction in the shipping industry,exploring the financial support mechanism of green shipping development,and realizing the combination of capital,technology and capacity construction in the green shipping industry.