晋西沟壑区窑洞营建技艺传承探索——以柳林县西坡传统村落为例

Exploration on the Inheritance of Cave Building Techniques in the Gullies of Western Shanxi Province: A Case of Xipo Traditional Village in Liulin County

窑洞是一种源于自然的建筑形式。以黄土高原为背景,对自然环境进行利用和改造,不仅体现了传统观念中天人合一的思想,也体现了古代劳动人民适应自然环境的智慧。为了探究窑洞营建技艺的传承策略,本文在现场调研和对窑洞进行测绘的基础上,从晋西沟壑区窑洞建筑的现状、窑洞的营建技艺等方面进行分析研究,分析出了窑洞营建技艺的传承价值和阻力,提出窑居建筑营建技艺传承策略的三个方向,力求将窑洞这种传统民居类型的营建技艺进行保留和传承,并给其他生土建筑的建造和保护提供借鉴方向,使我国传统建筑朝着更生态、更科学、更蓬勃的方向发展。

Cave dwelling is a kind of building form that originates from nature. Taking the Loess Plateau as the background, the utilization and transformation of the natural environment not only embodies the traditional idea of the unity of man and nature, but also embodies the wisdom of the ancient working people to adapt to the natural environment. In order to explore the inheritance strategy of cave building technology, based on the field investigation and mapping of cave building, the paper analyzes and studies the current situation of cave building in the gully area of Western Shanxi Province and the construction technology of cave building,and analyzes the inheritance value and resistance of cave building technology, and puts forward three directions for the inheritance strategy of cave building construction technology, striving to preserve and inherit the construction techniques of the cave buildings, a traditional folk house. The paper provides reference direction for the construction and protection of other native buildings, and promotes the traditional buildings in our country develop in a more ecological,scientific and vigorous direction.