住院带状疱疹后神经痛高危因素55例分析

Analysis on Risk Factors of Postherpetic Neuralgia in 55 Hospitalized Patients

目的:分析住院带状疱疹后神经痛患者致病高危因素。方法:选取2019年1月-2021年12月江苏大学附属人民医院皮肤科收治的住院带状疱疹患者323例为研究对象,通过查阅完整病历资料、出院后门诊复诊记录,确定带状疱疹后神经痛患者55例,非带状疱疹后神经痛268例。比较两组患者病毒感染轻重、患者自身健康状况、就诊时间、早期治疗方案和疗程。结果:带状疱疹后神经痛组前驱痛占比、急性期疼痛程度评分、皮损性质和面积评分高于非带状疱疹后神经痛组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);带状疱疹后神经痛组年龄、营养状况、基础疾病种类数高于非带状疱疹后神经痛组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);带状疱疹后神经痛组就诊时间(3.37 d)短于非带状疱疹后神经痛组(6.48 d),差异有统计学意义(t=7.823,P=0.001);带状疱疹后神经痛组早期治疗不规范患者(15例,占比27.27%)高于非带状疱疹后神经痛组(38例,占比10.67%),差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=4.511,P=0.017)。结论:带状疱疹后神经痛与病毒感染轻重、患者自身健康状况、就诊时间、早期治疗方案和疗程密切相关。病毒感染重、自身健康状况差、就诊时间晚、早期治疗不规范是引起带状疱疹后神经痛的高危因素。

Objective: To analyze the pathogenic risk factors in hospitalized patients with postherpetic neuralgia. Methods: From January 2019 to December 2021, 323 patients with postherpetic neuralgia who were hospitalized in the Department of Dermatology of Affiliated People’s Hospital of Jiangsu University were selected as the study subjects. 55 patients with postherpetic neuralgia and 268 patients with non-postherpetic neuralgia were identified by consulting the complete medical records and outpatient follow-up records after discharge. The severity of viral infection, the patient’s health condition, the time of visit, early treatment plan and course of treatment of two groups were compared. Results: The proportion of prodromal pain, acute pain degree score, skin lesion nature and area score in the postherpetic neuralgia group were higher than those in the non-postherpetic neuralgia group,with statistically significant differences(P<0.05). The age, nutritional status and number of underlying disease types in the postherpetic neuralgia group were higher than those in the non-postherpetic neuralgia group, with statistically significant differences(P<0.05). The visit time in the postherpetic neuralgia group(3.37 days) was shorter than that in the non-postherpetic neuralgia group(6.48 days), and the difference was statistically significant(t=7.823, P=0.001);the proportion of non-standard early treatment in the postherpetic neuralgia group(15 patients, 27.27%) was higher than that in the non-postherpetic neuralgia group(38 patients, 10.67%), with statistically significant differences(χ^(2)=4.511, P=0.017). Conclusion: The postherpetic neuralgia is closely related to the severity of virus infection, the patient’s health condition, the time of visit, early treatment plan and course of treatment. The high risk factors of postherpetic neuralgia are severe virus infection, poor health condition, late treatment time and non-standard early treatment.