黄曲霉毒素检测方法研究进展

Research progress of aflatoxin detection methods

黄曲霉毒素(AFT)是一种高毒性和致癌性物质,广泛存在于各类食品及饲料中,长期接触容易诱发肝癌等疾病,对人体健康造成极大危害。准确检测黄曲霉毒素的含量,确定其污染程度是保障食品安全的关键所在。目前,国内外工作者已建立了多种检测黄曲霉毒素的方法,可为黄曲霉毒素的风险防控提供有效手段。主要综述了近5年内国内外黄曲霉毒素检测的研究进展,分析了仪器分析、免疫分析等分析方法在黄曲霉毒素检测中的应用,同时对比各种方法的优缺点,并对未来发展方向进行展望,旨在为黄曲霉毒素检测分析提供参考。

Aflatoxins are secondary metabolites predominately produced by fungi such as Aspergillus parasiticus and Aspergillus flavus,which widely contaminate agricultural produce.These aflatoxins have potent carcinogenic,teratogenic,mutagenic,immunosuppressive and estrogenic effects in humans when consumed.Most of aflatoxins are chemically stable and highly resistant even when cooked at high temperatures,so they can easily enter the feed and food chain,resulting in a serious threat to human and animal health.Several methods have been reported for the analysis of aflatoxins,including high performance liquid chromatography,liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry,enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay,timeresolved fluorescence immunoassay,thin layer chromatography,surface-enhanced raman spectroscopy and electrochemical biosensor.This article briefly introduced the chemical structure of aflatoxin,physical and chemical properties,and the status of contamination,hazard to human health,and its limit standard in food.Various analytical methods were systematically expounded about the status,advantage and disadvan-tage.The development direction of the methods for determining aflatoxins were also pointed out.