竞争机制、公共服务供给与地方创造性

Competition Mechanism,Public Service Supply and Local Innovation

中国式分权体制下,过去以GDP增长为中心的地方竞争机制在带来经济高速发展的同时,也极易造成地方政府对人民群众非常关切的民生类公共产品和服务的供给不足,这不仅对当地吸引人才和提振消费产生不利影响,而且会造成流动人口家庭上学难、看病难等一系列社会问题。进入新发展阶段,地方竞争机制依然是我国经济发展的重要推动力。在当前以人民为中心的发展思想指导下,地方政府不仅面临中央政府“自上而下”的绩效考核机制,而且也面临来自人民群众的“自下而上”的民意监督机制,在这种直接和间接的双重约束机制下,有必要通过配合一定的财税体制改革和充实公共服务供给力量,激励地方政府创造性开展工作,营造形成“为提供更优质的公共服务”而竞争的格局。

Under the Chinese-style decentralization system,the local competition mechanism centered on GDP growth has brought high-speed economic development,but also caused long-term neglect and passive responses to local people's livelihood public goods and services that are of great concern to the people.This will not be conducive to attracting local talents and boosting consumption.It will also hinder the fairness and justice of the society,and will be seriously detrimental to China's goal of building a harmonious society and the realization of a comprehensive well-off society.Entering the stage of high-quality development,the local competition mechanism is still an important driving force for my country's economic development.Under the guidance of the current people-centered development thinking,local governments not only face the“top-down”performance evaluation mechanism of the central government,but also face the“bottom-up”public opinion supervision mechanism from the people.Under the direct and indirect dual accountability mechanism,local governments are better able to form a situation of competition to provide better public services.Of course,in order for the local government to achieve a smooth transition,it is necessary to further cooperate with the fiscal system reform that focuses on the division of responsibilities and expenditure responsibilities;the setting of local taxes should also be based on mobilizing local governments to provide public services to reflect the principle of benefit;in terms of the provision of public services,we must make full use of social forces to break down administrative barriers and explore cross-regional cooperation to improve the local public service supply mechanism,thereby effectively promoting government transformation.