长齿廓齿顶修形对减速箱振动噪声影响研究

Research on influence of long tooth profile and tip modification on vibration and noise of gearbox

针对高速工况下电动汽车减速箱振动噪声过大问题,考虑长齿廓齿顶修形,并探究修形时长齿廓齿顶线性、圆弧、渐开线和折线圆弧曲线对减速箱整体性能的影响规律。基于扭转振动原理,建立斜齿轮非线性动力学模型,分析了4种典型曲线对齿面载荷、齿轮副时变啮合刚度、时变啮合力和减速箱声功率级敏感性的变化规律。结果表明:齿面载荷、时变啮合刚度和时变啮合力受修形曲线影响较大,各修形曲线均能降低箱体声功率级,其中,圆弧、渐开线修形对齿轮副时变啮合刚度和时变啮合力的波动有抑制作用,满足全频域降噪要求。折线圆弧修形后齿面载荷、特征频率处声功率级和平均声功率级降幅最大,满足减速箱高速工况下的减振降噪需求。

In view of the problems of excessive vibration and noise of electric vehicle gearboxes under high-speed conditions,this study considered the modification of long tooth profile and tip,and explored the influence of long tooth profile and tip linear,arc-like,progressive and linear with transition radius curves on the overall performance of the reducer during modification.Based on the principle of torsional vibration,a nonlinear dynamic model of the helical gear was established,and the sensitivity of four typical curves to tooth surface load,time-varying meshing stiffness,time-varying meshing force and sound power level of the gearbox was analyzed.The results show that the tooth surface load,time-varying meshing stiffness and time-varying meshing force are greatly affected by the modification curve,and each modification curve can reduce the sound power level of the box.Among them,the arc-like and progressive modification can restrain the fluctuation of the time-varying meshing stiffness and the time-varying meshing force of the gear pair.They can meet the requirements of noise reduction in the full frequency domain.The tooth surface load,sound power level at the characteristic frequency and the average sound power level has the largest reduction after linear with transition radius modification,which meets the vibration and noise reduction requirements of the gearbox under high-speed conditions.