高龄产妇妊娠生育特征及妊娠结局的临床分析

Clinical analysis of pregnancy and fertility characteristics and pregnancy outcomes in elderly women

目的分析高龄产妇妊娠生育特征及妊娠结局。方法选取100例妊娠产妇,按照年龄不同分为高龄组(年龄为35~39岁,40例)和适龄组(年龄为22~34岁,60例)。比较两组产妇肥胖、采用辅助技术妊娠占比情况及合并症(包括子宫肌瘤、妊娠期高血压疾病、妊娠期糖尿病、贫血及甲状腺疾病)发生情况。结果高龄组产妇肥胖、采用辅助技术妊娠占比高于适龄组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。高龄组发生子宫肌瘤、妊娠期高血压疾病、妊娠期糖尿病、贫血及甲状腺疾病发生率为12.50%、7.50%、15.00%、30.00%、17.50%,均高于适龄组的1.67%、0、1.67%、11.67%、5.00%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论高龄产妇往往是经产妇、肥胖、采用辅助技术妊娠,其妊娠后合并症几率较高,剖宫产、早产、低体质量儿及巨大儿发生率较高,临床上应加强这类产妇的监测和管理,改善分娩结局。

Objective To analyze the characteristics and outcomes of pregnant women in advanced maternal age.Methods 100 pregnant women were divided into old age group(35 to 39 years old,40 cases)and appropriate age group(22 to 34 years old,60 cases)according to age.The prevalence of obesity,pregnancy using assistive technology and complications(including uterine fibroids,hypertensive disorders during pregnancy,gestational diabetes mellitus,anemia and thyroid diseases)were compared between the two groups.Results The proportion of obesity and assisted technology pregnancy in the advanced age group was higher than that in the appropriate age group,and the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).The incidence of uterine fibroids,gestational hypertensive disorders,gestational diabetes mellitus,anemia and thyroid diseases in the elderly group were 12.50%,7.50%,15.00%,30.00%and 17.50%,which were higher than those in the appropriate age group(1.67%,0,1.67%,11.67%,5.00%).The difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).Conclusion Advanced maternal age is often multiparous,obese and assisted technology pregnancy,which has a high incidence of post-pregnancy complications,and the incidence of cesarean section,premature delivery,low birth weight and macrosomia is high.Clinical monitoring and management of these women should be strengthened to improve the delivery outcome.