基于MIMIC模型的社会治理主观评价研究

The Measurement and Explanation of Subjective Evaluation of Social Governance Based on MIMIC Structural Equation Model

社会治理现代化是国家治理现代化的重要内容,而公众对社会治理的主观评价是衡量社会治理效能及建设社会治理共同体的重要依据。基于中国综合社会调查数据,使用高阶因子模型和MIMIC模型,从民生服务、法治水平、公共安全及社会公平四个维度构建以公众主观评价为核心的社会治理测量指标体系,并基于“结构—感知—媒介”的理论框架探讨了影响社会治理主观评价的机制,尝试打开公众对社会治理主观评价的“黑箱”。研究结果显示,社会治理主观评价不仅受到客观结构性因素影响,主观感知因素也发挥了重要作用。客观结构性因素中农村、社会资本水平更高、未发生向下阶层流动及身处中产阶层的公众更可能对社会治理做出较高评价。主观感知因素中公众感知和公众期望发挥较强影响,主观幸福感越强、群体认知一致性越高,对政府角色认同越偏向“大政府”的公众对社会治理评价可能更高。传统媒介与新媒介有着不同影响,新媒介使用可能会对社会治理评价产生负效应。据此,要坚定不移走中国特色社会主义社会治理道路,深入提高发展的平衡性、协调性和包容性,推动公共服务和社会保障均等化,让发展成果更好惠及全体民众。同时加强对新媒介的监督引导和提升数字社会治理能力。研究结果深化了对社会治理主观评价的认识,对于在国家治理现代化视域下提升社会治理水平、改善政府绩效有一定政策价值。

Social governance is an important part of national governance systems modernization.And the public’s subjective evaluation of social governance is an important cornerstone for measuring the level of social governance and building a social governace with brod-based participation.So how can the public make a higher evaluation of social governance?Based on the data from Chinese General Social Survey and high-order factor model,the study constructs a social governance measurement index system with public subjective evaluation from four dimensions,including people’s livelihood services,rule of law,public safety and social justice.The study explores the mechanism that affects the subjective evaluation of public social governance,and attempts to open the“black box”of the public’s subjective evaluation of social governance based on theoretical framework of“structure-perception-media”and MIMIC structural equation model.The result shows that the public’s subjective evaluation of social governance is affected not only by objective structural factors,but also by subjective perception factors.As objective structural factors such as public perception and public expectation play a big part in determining subjective evaluation of social governance.The rural residents,who have stronger the social trust,didn’t experience downward mobility,and the public in the middle class are more likely to make a higher evaluation of social governance.As objective structural factors such as the stronger the subjective well-being,the higher social capital,and people who has a more“big government”identification with the government role,may have a higher evaluation of social governance.Traditional media and internet media have opposite influence mechanisms,and people who use internet media have lower subjective evaluation of social governance.It is necessary to stay on the path of socialist social governance with Chinese characteristics.It is necessary to establish a more balanced,coordinated and inclusive social system,promote the equalization of public services and social security,and let the achievements of development benefit all the people.It is also necessary to strengthen the supervision and guidance of new media and improve digital governance capabilities.Research has deepened the understanding of subjective evaluation of social governance,and has important policy value for improving the level of social governance and improving government performance from the perspective of national governance modernization.