基于ISM模型的新型职业农民发展约束机制分析

Analysis of the Constraint Mechanism for the Development of New Professional Farmers Based on ISM Model

【目的/意义】通过发掘新型职业农民队伍建设中存在的问题,并寻找可行的制度设计,以此加快新型职业农民队伍建设。【方法/过程】以系统科学的视角,运用系统工程中ISM解释结构模型方法,选取10个较为重要的约束因素,得到新型职业农民约束因素的解释结构图,以此深入探析各约束要素之间的逻辑关系以及各层次约束因素的联动效应。【结果/结论】分析表明,市场竞争能力弱与务农预期收入低为表层约束因素,职业发展信心不强、现代农业技术获取难、土地流转存在问题、融资存在障碍为中层约束因素,农户受教育程度低、组织指导与培训不足、社会保障水平低、政府配套政策扶持力度弱为深层次约束因素。根据分析结果提出加强职业教育、提高社会保障水平、规范土地流转、强化组织职能、完善配套政策建设等解决措施。

【Objective/Meaning】By exploring the problems existing in the team construction of new professional farmers,and looking for the feasible system design,it would speed up the team construction of new professional farmers.【Methods/Procedures】From the perspective of system science,by using the ISM interpretative structural modeling approach in the system engineering theory,10 important constraint factors were selected to obtain the interpretative structural drawing of the constraint factors of new professional farmers,so as to further explore the logical relationship between the constraint factors and the linkage effect of the constraint factors at all levels.【Results/Conclusions】The analysis showed that the weak market competitiveness and the low expected income of farming were the surface-level constraint factors;the weak confidence in career development,the difficulty in obtaining the modern agricultural technology,the existence of problems in land circulation and the existence of obstacles in financing were the middle-level constraint factors;the low education level of rural households,the insufficient organizational guidance and training,the low level of social security,and the weak degree of government supporting policy support were the deepseated constraint factors.According to the analysis results,some countermeasures were put forward,such as strengthening the vocational education,improving the social security level,standardizing the land circulation,strengthening the organizational functions and perfecting the supporting policies,etc.