机床静刚度的计算机辅助测量系统设计开发

Design and Development of Measurement System for Static Rigidity of Machine Tool with Computer Aided

机床技术性能对机械加工精度有着直接影响,而机床静刚度是评价其基本性能的重要参数之一。该文基于计算机辅助技术,以具有固定误差敏感方向的车床为研究对象,并结合车床常用的不同工况,研制了一种基于计算机辅助的机床静刚度测量系统;通过对不同工况下机床主轴头架和尾架以及刀架等3个部件的变形位移与作用力的关系分析,设计搭建了由一个短而粗的高刚性芯轴来链接机床3个部件的测量装置,并利用一个力传感器和3个位移传感器及数据采集和处理的软件模块,来实现对不同工况下的机床静刚度的测量以及刚度曲线的自动生成,此系统已在教学实验中得到应用,可以有效促进对机床及加工精度的分析和学习。

The technical performance of machine tool has a direct impact on machining accuracy,and the static stiffness of machine tool is one of the important parameters to evaluate its basic performance.Based on the application of computer-aided technology,this paper takes a lathe with a fixed sensitive direction of processing error as the object,and combines different working conditions of lathes to develop a measurement system for static stiffness of machine tool based on computer aided,through the analysis of the relationship between the external force and the displacementof the three components of the machine tool spindle headstock,tailstock and tool holder under different working conditions,design and build a measuring device that connect the three components of the machine tool by a short and thick high-rigidity mandrel,and a force sensor and 3 displacement sensors and software modules for data acquisition and processing.To realize the measurement of the static stiffness of the machine tool and the automatic generation of stiffness curve under different working conditions.It has been applied in teaching experiments to effectively promote the analysis and learning of machine tools and machining accuracy.