The continuous evolution of 2D cell-traction forces quantification technology

Cells generate traction forces by interacting with the extracellular matrix(ECM)during migration,contraction,invasion,and spreading.Cell-traction forces(CTFs)are extremely small but have enormous biological effects.It has been discovered that CTFs serve a crucial role in regulating proliferation,differentiation,wound healing,morphogenesis,angiogenesis,inflammation,and tumor genesis by working together with biochemical signals to maintain a coherent framework for these processes.