不同产羔数湖羊生长性能和FecB基因遗传效应

The Growth Performance and Genetic Effects of FecB Gene in Hu Sheep with Different Lambing Number

为探究湖羊在河北省邢台地区的生长和繁殖情况,测定并分析了同一胎次不同产羔数湖羊从出生到断奶期间的成活状况、体质量和体尺变化情况、FecB基因的遗传效应。结果表明,单羔、双羔、3羔、4羔羊从出生到断奶成活率依次降低,分别为100%,95.0%,90.0%,79.2%。随着产羔数的增加,公母羔从出生到断奶各时间点的体质量均呈递减趋势。随着日龄的增加,双羔、3羔和4羔羊的生长速度均逐渐加快,到断奶时,双羔羊、3羔羊的生长速度均已超过了单羔羊。所有羔羊早期生长强度都较大,从15日龄~1月龄,均有所下降,但从1月龄~断奶,特别是3羔羊和4羔羊,均已超过了单羔羊和双羔羊的生长强度。随着产羔数的增加,公母羔断奶时各体尺指标均呈递减趋势,多数指标单羔羊和双羔羊显著或极显著高于3羔羊和4羔羊(P<0.05,P<0.01)。FecB基因的遗传效应表明,受试湖羊群体中仅存在BB和B+等2种基因型,其中BB型产羔数比B+型多0.51只(P<0.05)。生产上为方便管理且考虑综合经济效益,产双羔效果最佳,BB基因型个体可考虑作为肉羊杂交利用的母本。

The survival status,changes in body weight and body size,and the genetic effects of FecB genes of Hu sheep with different lambing number in the same parity from birth to weaning were studied to explore the growth and reproductive performance of Hu sheep in Xingtai District,Hebei Province.The results showed that the survival rates of single lambs,twin lambs,triplet lambs,and quadruplet lambs decreased successively,which were 100%,95.0%,90.0%and 79.2%from birth to weaning,respectively.With the increase of age,the growth rate of twin lambs,triplet lambs,and quadruplet lambs gradually accelerated.By the time of weaning,the growth rate of twin lambs and triplet lambs had exceeded that of single lamb.The growth intensity of all lambs was relatively high in the early stage,and they all decreased from 15 days old to 1 month old.However,the growth intensity of triplet lambs and quadruplet lambs had surpassed those of single lamb and twin lambs from 1 month old to weaning.In addition,with the increase in the number of lambs,the body size indexes of ram and ewe lambs at weaning all showed a decreasing trend.Most indexes of single lamb and twin lambs were significantly or extremely significantly higher than triplet lambs and quadruplet lambs(P<0.05,P<0.01).The results of the genetic effect of FecB gene showed that there were only two genotypes(BB and B+)in the tested Hu sheep population.The lambing number of BB genotype was 0.51 more than that of B+genotype,and the difference was significant(P<0.05).Therefore,producing twin lambs is best for management and economic benefits.Individuals with BB genotype can be used as female parents for crossbreeding of mutton sheep.