“有”字句汉译英的语义滑移——译者主体性与语义识解主观性程度的再构建

Semantic Shifts in C-E Translation of You Sentences:Translators’Subjectivity and the Reconstruction of Semantic Subjectification Construal

本文将译者主体性置于批评话语研究视角下,从识解主观性角度对比鲁迅小说汉英平行语料库《彷徨》小说集原文“有”字句与译文语义表达的异同,揭示译者主体性发挥对翻译过程中语义滑移的重要作用。研究发现,语料中的“有”包括表存在关系、领属关系、估量关系、发生关系、存在(或领有)+存在(或领有)方式关系、领有关系等语义类型,其总体客观—主观识解序列为存在关系-领属关系-估量关系-发生关系-存在(或领有)+存在(或领有)方式关系—领有关系;各语义类型“有”译文识解主观性程度相较于原文多数得到强化或弱化,语义出现滑移;译者主体性(认知作用)发挥导致语义在翻译过程中出现滑移。

This study,by integrating translators’subjectivity into views of Critical Discourse Studies on the(re)contextualization in translation,hypothesizes that semantic shifts in the C-E translation of you sentences will occur since the translators choose different ways to convey their subjectification construals in the process.To testify the point,Chinese you sentences and their English“equivalents”in the parallel corpus of Lu Xun’s novel collection Pacing Back and Forth have been collected and their degrees of subjectification contrual have been compared.Among the major findings are:Chinese you in the data conveys such different implications as existence,estimation,occurrence,subordination,existence/possession+existence/possession manner[s],possession,forming a continuum of subjectification construal.In the translation,the degree of subjectification construal,due to the translators’active subjective roles,is either intensified or reduced and hence the semantic shifts.