论汉代舞蹈表演美学中的核心范畴“气”

“Qi”:the Core Category of Dance Performance Aesthetics in the Han Dynasty

汉代舞蹈以气化流行的世界观为哲学背景,因此,以“气”为媒介实现“天人感应”“天人合一”就成为其核心美学特质。在汉代舞蹈表演理论中,“气”不仅是舞者形体动作的主导者,也是情感发动的内在原因,还是身心与天地万物发生感应的重要媒介。汉代舞蹈表演理论认为,情感真挚深厚则作品文采鲜明,气息流畅自然则作品变化神妙,并能由此进入“大乐与天地同和”的境界。汉代舞蹈表演理论上承两周、下启魏晋隋唐,构成了我国传统舞蹈语汇和表演理论的基本形态,因而具有重要历史地位和研究价值。

Dance in the Han Dynasty took the popular world view of “Qi(a vital life force)” as its philosophical background.As a medium to realize “interaction between heaven and man” and “unity between heaven and man”,“Qi” became the core aesthetic characteristics.In the dance performance theory of the Han Dynasty,“Qi” was not only the dominator of dancers’ physical movements,but also the internal cause of emotional activation,and the important channel for body and mind to interact with everything in the universe.According to the theory on dance performance in the Han Dynasty,if dancers’ emotion was sincere and profound,their performance would be vivid and impressive,and if their breath was smooth and natural,their performance would be dynamic and flexible,and thus leading to the realm of “grand bliss and harmony between heaven and earth”.Theoretically,dance performance of the Han Dynasty inherited from the Western and Eastern Zhou Dynasties,followed by the Wei,Jin,Sui and Tang Dynasties,constituting the basic form of traditional dance vocabulary and performance theory,therefore it had an important historical position and research value.