论张锡纯之医道汇通

Discussion on ZHANG Xi-chun’s medical thoughts

近代名医张锡纯以汇通中西医著称于世,而其汇通道家内丹学与中医学的学术思想却较少受到学界关注。内丹学与中医学是同根同源的生命之学,张锡纯在参看丹经、亲自内炼并验之于临床的基础上,援引内丹学元神识神、祖气宗气、阴阳水火等理论,对中医学的神明在脑还是在心、元气与胸中大气的关系、心肾如何交感、内肾与外肾的关系等医学问题做出了新的理论解释。梳理张锡纯汇通丹道与医理的学术思想对于当今中医理论研究和临床实践均有重要意义。

The well-known doctor ZHANG Xi-chun is famous for his integration of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)and Western medicine, but his academic thoughts of internal alchemy and TCM have received less attention from the academic circles. Internal alchemy and TCM have the same cultural background and they are all about the truth of life. ZHANG Xi-chun not only read the theory of internal alchemy, but also had rich self-cultivation practice and clinical experience. He cited the theory of Yuanshen and Shishen in internal alchemy, the theory of Zuqi and Zongqi, the theory of yin and yang, and made new explanations for many problems in TCM, including whether the spirit is in the brain or in the heart, what is the relationship between the qi energy in stomach and the one in the chest, how to coordinate the heart and the kidney, and the relationship between kidneys and testicles. Analyzing ZHANG Xi-chun’s academic thoughts on internal alchemy and TCM is of great significance in both theoretical research and in clinical practice even in modern times.