解放前华侨未解存汇款清偿政策的实施和执行——以中国人民银行梅县支行档案为例

Implementation and Enforcement of the Settlement Policy for Overseas Chinese’ Unsettled Deposits and Remittances Prior to 1949

新中国成立之初,中央政府对“战前存款”问题虽未明确解决态度,但已指示中国人民银行研究解决方案,并首先出台《解放前未解侨汇贷款实施办法》。1953年颁布《解放前银钱业未清偿存款给付办法》,对其中的华侨存、汇款尤为照顾。办法的实施争取了华侨的信任,且吸收大量的储蓄和外汇,为社会建设发展提供了资金来源。作为一线执行者的银行业发挥了重要作用,中国人民银行梅县支行在清偿工作中呈现的认真负责、严谨细致的工作态度,赢得了华侨广泛好感。

In the beginning of New China,the central government,while showing no clear attitude to the problem of “pre-war deposits”,instructed the People’s Bank of China to research on solutions.The PBOC first issued the“ Implementation Measures for Unsettled Overseas Chinese Remittance Loans before Liberation”,and later promulgated the “Measures for Solvency of Unpaid Deposits in the Banking and Money Industry before Liberation” in 1953,giving special attention to overseas Chinese deposits and remittances.The implementation of the measures helped New China win the trust of overseas Chinese and absorb a large amount of savings and foreign exchange,providing financial resources for its social construction and development.As a first-line executor,the banking industry played a significant role through this process.The serious,responsible,rigorous and meticulous work attitude of the Mei Xian County Sub-branch of PBOC in the solvency work widely won the good-will of overseas Chinese.