新型短碳链氟碳表面活性剂的合成及在灭火剂中的应用

Synthesis of A Novel Fluorocarbon Surfactant with Short Carbon Chains and Its Application in Fire Extinguishing Agent

合成了一种含有酰胺基团的新型短碳链氟碳表面活性剂,利用红外光谱、核磁共振波谱表征其结构,确定产物符合预期;采用铂金板法测得其水溶液的表面张力(γ_(CMC))为20.1 mN·m^(-1)、临界胶束浓度(CMC)为43.8 mmol·L^(-1)。基于阴、阳离子表面活性剂复配原理,与多种阴离子碳氢表面活性剂进行复配,结果表明,该氟碳表面活性剂与十二烷基硫酸钠复配时效果最佳,复配体系的CMC仅为0.32 mmol·L^(-1),γ_(CMC)降至22.0 mN·m^(-1)。本研究为水成膜泡沫灭火剂提供了一种可作为核心添加剂的新型短碳链氟碳表面活性剂的合成及复配思路,在消防领域尤其是锂离子电池火灾防控方面具有很好的应用价值。

We synthesized a novel fluorocarbon surfactant containing amide groups with short carbon chains.Moreover,we characterized the structure of the fluorocarbon surfactant by infrared spectroscopy and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy.The product structure is determined to meet the expectation;meanwhile,the surface tension(γ_(CMC))of the aqueous solution is 20.1 mN·m^(-1) and the critical micelle concentration(CMC)is 43.8 mmol·L^(-1) which are measured by platinum plate method.The fluorocarbon surfactant has been combined with a variety of anionic hydrocarbon surfactants on the basis of complex principle of anionic and cationic surfactants.The results show that the effect is the best when the surfactant is combined with sodium dodecyl sulfate,and the CMC is only 0.32 mmol·L^(-1) and γ_(CMC) decreases to 22.0 mN·m^(-1).This study provides a new strategy for the synthesis and compounding of novel fluorocarbon surfactants with short carbon chains that can be used as core additives for aqueous film-forming foam extinguishing agents,which has a good application value in the fire-fighting field,especially in the field of lithium-ion battery fire prevention and control.