元宇宙赋能教育虚拟社区的伦理审视

An Ethical Review of the Educational Virtual Community Empowered by Metaverse

集多种先进技术而成的元宇宙开启了独立于现实世界的平行空间,成为教育虚拟社区转段升级的创新突变奇点,即从二维社区平台转向三维教育虚拟社区。然而,元宇宙在为教育虚拟社区变革创设有利条件的同时,也可能带来某些潜在的伦理风险。基于此,文章首先阐释了元宇宙赋能教育虚拟社区的价值,包括时空拓展驱动学习增效、具身沉浸解蔽学习者身心状态、虚实融通增强知识内化等。之后,文章分析了元宇宙赋能教育虚拟社区的伦理风险,主要表现为交往理性下人与“他者”的博弈、心流体验下学习者沉浸与沉沦的对垒、虚实场域交融下学习者认知与行为的错位、技术促逼下人与物的较量。最后,文章针对这些伦理风险,从主体间交往、自我觉醒、虚实共生、技术向善等维度提出元宇宙赋能教育虚拟社区伦理风险的消解路径。对元宇宙赋能教育虚拟社区进行伦理审视,可有效规避元宇宙赋能教育虚拟社区可能带来的潜在伦理风险,保障元宇宙赋能的教育虚拟社区价值取向公平、合理,并促进元宇宙赋能教育虚拟社区的德性复归。

The metaverse,which is formed by a variety of advanced technologies,opens a parallel space independent of the real world,and becomes an innovative mutation singularity of the transformation and upgrading of educational virtual communities,that is,from a two-dimensional community platform to a three-dimensional educational virtual community.However,while creating favorable conditions for the transformation of the educational virtual community,the metaverse also brings some potential ethical risks.Based on this,the paper firstly explained the value of the educational virtual community empowered by metaverse,which included the expansion of time and space to drive learning efficiency,embodied immersion to deamsk learners’ physical and mental state,and virtual-real integration to enhance knowledge internalization.After that,this paper analyzed the ethical risks of the educational virtual community empowered by metaverse,which were mainly manifested as the game between human beings and “others” in communicative rationality,the confrontation between learners’ immersion and sinking under the mental flow experience,the dislocation of learners’ cognition and behavior under the blending of virtual and real fields,and the competition between human beings and things driven by technology.Finally,aiming at these ethical risks,this paper put forward ways to eliminate the ethical risks in the educational virtual community empowered by metaverse from the dimensions of inter-subject communication,self-awakening,virtual and real symbiosis,and technical goodness.An ethical examination of the educational virtual community empowered by metaverse could effectively avoid the potential ethical risks that may be brought by the educational virtual community empowered by metaverse,ensure the fair and reasonable value orientation of the educational virtual community empowered by metaverse,and promote the moral restoration of the educational virtual community empowered by metaverse.