支撑“双碳”目标的关键金属供应挑战与保障对策

Challenges and Security Strategies of China’s Critical Metals Supply for Carbon Neutrality Pledge

在“双碳”目标的驱动下,能源系统的低碳转型已是大势所趋。作为支撑低碳能源技术的物质基础,稀土、锂、钴、镍、铂等关键金属的供需矛盾和战略争夺将不断加剧。文章阐述了关键金属对能源低碳技术的支撑作用,识别了我国关键金属供应的风险和卡点;建议将关键金属与低碳能源进行协同管理,通过科技和产业的进步,以及建立由我国主导的国际合作体系,提升关键金属的安全供应水平与支撑“双碳”目标的能力。

The grand transition to low-carbon energy system is essential to bend the growing carbon emission and further achieve the dual carbon goals.Critical metals such as rare earth elements,lithium,cobalt,nickel,and platinum are widely considered as the material base to support low-carbon technologies.However,given the supply of those metals are scarce and risky,the emerging conflicts between their supply and demand have spurred global attention and competition among countries.This study aims to explore the linkage between critical metals and low-carbon energy systems with a particular focus on the bottlenecks of China’s supply chains of those critical metals.Accordingly,this study urges to form national strategies,together with China-oriented global governance system,to promote the simultaneous innovations and management of critical metals supply and low-carbon energy transition under the dual carbon goals.