唐娜·哈拉维伴生关系思想研究

Study of Donna Haraway's Thoughts on Companionship

从实在论和建构论的两极看,我们关于自然的理论要么还原为自然实在,要么被解释为社会文化的建构,预设了自然与文化二元论的立场。女性主义学者唐娜·哈拉维通过对灵长类动物学的研究表明,二元论产生于人类中心主义。受怀特海过程哲学的影响,哈拉维提出了伴生关系思想,人类与非人类、文化与自然之间是一种“伴随生成”的关系,主体和客体是在关系之中生成的,在本体论上消解了二元论,为从“行动者”的角度理解自然奠定了理论的基础。

From the viewpoints of both realism and constructivism,our theories about nature can be either reduced to the natural reality,or interpreted as the construction of social culture.This has pre-supposed the dualism between nature and culture.Donna Haraway,as a feminist scholar,has shown through her study of primatology that this dualism arises from the anthropomorphism.Influenced by the process philosophy of Whitehead,Haraway proposed the idea of companionship.Human and non-human,nature and culture are“becoming with”each other.This indicates that the subject and the object are generated from their companionship,which dispels dualism at the level of ontology.This also supplies the theoretical foundation for understanding nature from the perspective of“actors”.