复合添加剂对乳化炸药水相析晶点影响的研究

Influences of additives on crystallizing point of water-phase in emulsion explosive

为了研究复合添加剂对乳化炸药水相析晶点和水相氧平衡的影响。首先,依据油相适宜质量百分比范围,确定水相氧平衡大于0.17 g/g比较适宜。然后,在保持硝酸铵和水的相对比例不变的条件下,添加单一或复合添加剂,配制15 g左右的水相。用精测的水相析晶点和水相氧平衡评价其影响。详细研究了钠离子、钾离子、銨离子、氯离子和硝酸根离子,硝酸钠质量分数,硝酸钠和其他添加剂复配对乳化炸药水相析晶点和水相氧平衡的影响。结果表明,硝酸铵∶水质量比5.67∶1,内加0.0176 mol不同离子,加入钠离子的水相比加入銨离子的水相析晶点低11.5℃;硝酸钠质量分数每增加1%,水相析晶点大约下降0.46℃,氧平衡值上升0.003 g/g;硝酸钠与K12、尿素、氯化钠、氯化钾组成的复合添加剂使水相基础组成为硝酸铵80.65%、水10.75%、硝酸钠8.60%的析晶点降低16.9℃,氧平衡值0.17 g/g。

In order to study the effect of composite additives on the aqueous phase crystallization point and aqueous oxygen balance of emulsion explosives.First of all,according to the suitable mass percentage range of the oil phase,the oxygen balance of the aqueous phase is greater than 0.17 g/g.Then,while keeping the relative ratio of ammonium nitrate and water constant,a single or composite additive is added to prepare an aqueous phase of about 15 g.The effect was evaluated by carefully measuring the aqueous phase crystallization point and the aqueous oxygen balance.The effects of sodium ion,potassium ion,ammonium ion,chloride ion and nitrate ion,the mass fraction of sodium nitrate and the combination of sodium nitrate and other additives on the crystallization point of emulsion explosive were studied in detail.The results show that when the mass ratio of ammonium nitrate to water is 5.67:1,the total mass of aqueous phase is 15 g,and 0.0176 mol of different ions are added,the crystallization point of water with sodium ion is 11.5℃lower than that with ammonium ion;When the mass fraction of sodium nitrate increases by 1%,the crystallization point of aqueous phase decreases by about 0.46℃and the oxygen balance value increases by 0.003 g/g;The composite additive composed of sodium nitrate,K12,urea,sodium chloride and potassium chloride reduced the crystallization point of 80.65%ammonium nitrate,10.75%water and 8.60%sodium nitrate by 16.9℃and the oxygen balance value by 0.17 g/g.