乡村生态产品价值实现:定位、困境与路径研究

Realization of Rural Ecological Products Value: A Study of Positioning, Dilemmas, and Pathways

文章根据生态产品分类从四个维度提出乡村生态产品价值实现的基础定位,剖析了生态产品价值实现过程中存在的公地悲剧现象、制度及生态产品价值核算空白、生态补偿力度不足、金融杠杆作用缺乏、优质物质产品不足、生态产品认知和利他观念缺失等困境,从外在条件与内生动力两个角度提出了乡村生态产品价值实现的发展路径。在体制机制完善和外部条件创造上要厘清权属,发挥政府作用,推动村域生态产品价值核算,完善纵向和横向生态补偿制度,发挥金融手段能动作用。同时要通过分类建设激发内生动力:物质类产品促建提质,增强竞争力;调节类产品加强宣传,提高参与度;文化类产品保留底蕴,避免同质化。

Based on the classification of ecological products,this paper puts forward a basic positioning of realizing the value of rural ecological products from four dimensions and summarizes the dilemmas in the process of realizing the value of ecological products,including the phenomenon of the common land tragedy,the gaps in both the system and the accounting of the value of ecological products,the insufficiency of the ecological compensation,the little effect of financial leverage,the lack of high-quality material products,and the unawareness of ecological product and altruistic concepts.From the perspectives of both external conditions and endogenous dynamics,this paper puts forward a development path for realizing the value of ecological products in villages.This paper suggests that:clarify the ownership and bring into play the role of the government in terms of improving institutional mechanisms and creating external conditions,promote the accounting of the value of ecological products in the village,improve the vertical and horizontal ecological compensation system,and bring into play the dynamic role of financial instruments.At the same time,stimulate endogenous dynamics through the classified construction;promote the health and the quality of material products and enhance competitiveness;strengthen the publicity of regulatory products and increase participation;retain the heritage of cultural products and avoid homogenization.