比较法视野下公诉裁量权控权机制的规范路径

The Normative Path of the Discretionary Power Control Mechanism of Public Prosecution from the Perspective of Comparative Law

公诉裁量权因融入了检察官的个人意志而极易发生权力的滥用,须对公诉裁量权进行有效的控制。英美法系国家较为重视对检察官起诉裁量权的控制,而大陆法系国家较为重视不起诉裁量权的控制,普遍构建了多重控制措施。通过借鉴两大法系国家公诉裁量权制约机制的普适性模式,反思我国控权机制现有的不足与差距,立足本土构建有效的程序性控制体系:以提起公诉权为对象,对起诉裁量权构建司法权制约机制;对不起诉裁量权应扩大它的适用范围,使得刑事不起诉更加灵活。最终在各诉讼价值的均衡中实现公正与效率的兼顾以及犯罪追诉与人权保障的平衡。

The discretionary power of public prosecution is easily abused because it is integrated into the personal will of the prosecutor.It is necessary to effectively control the discretionary power of public prosecution.Common law countries pay more attention to the control of the prosecutor s discretion in prosecution,while civil law countries pay more attention to the control of non-prosecution discretion,and generally construct multiple control measures.By learning from the universal model of the public prosecution discretionary power restriction mechanism of the two major legal systems,reflecting on the existing shortcomings and gaps of our country s power control mechanism,building an effective procedural control system based on the local area:the right to initiate public prosecutions,the discretion to prosecute,and the construction of a judicial restriction mechanism;the non-prosecution discretion should expand its scope of application to make criminal non-prosecution more flexible.Finally,the balance of justice and efficiency,as well as the balance between criminal prosecution and human rights protection,are achieved in the balance of various litigation values.