面向外国学生的现代汉语外出就餐图式结构研究

Research on the Schema Structure of Dining Out in Modern Chinese for Foreign Students

外出就餐是外国学生的常用交际行为之一,不同文化背景下有不同的图式结构。我们以中华文化背景下的“外出就餐”语料为研究对象,基于现代图式理论,描写现代汉语外出就餐行为的总图式为择地→落座→点餐→进餐→评价→打包→结账;常用图式为择地→点餐→结账;此外还描写了与择地、点餐和结账环节相关的几种变化图式,并总结了不同环节中出现的常用词语和常用语句,以期对现代汉语图式研究和国际中文一线教学实践提供借鉴。

Eating out is one of the most common communicative behaviors of foreign students,and there are different schema structures against different cultural backgrounds.Taking the corpus of"eating out"against the background of Chinese culture as the research object,based on the modern schema theory,this paper describes the overall schema of modern Chinese dining out behavior as follows:choosing restaurant→choosing seat→ordering→eating→evaluation→packing→paying;the common pattern is to choose a restaurant→order→pay.In addition,the paper also describes several change schemata related to restaurant selection,ordering and paying,and summarizes the common words and sentences in different links,hoping to provide reference for modern Chinese schema research and international Chinese front-line teaching practice.