便携式高精度游标螺旋测微装置室内模拟研究

Indoor Simulation Study of Portable High-Precision Vernier Spiral Micrometer Device

直接测量岩石表面降低的高度是研究当前地表侵蚀速率的有效方法,目前认为地表岩石的侵蚀速率一般在百分之一毫米到微米数量级。然而以往的测量仪不能满足大范围野外岩石侵蚀速率测量的精度,本文介绍了一种新研发可直接进行岩石侵蚀速率测量的仪器——便携式高精度游标螺旋测微装置的组成和原理。与以往相比的改进是本次使用“磁铁”代替“棘轮”,旋拧螺旋测微杆,并利用改造后的装置进行了室内模拟试验。试验用装置A和装置B同时对无侵蚀和有侵蚀的两种情况进行对比测量,共获得120个测量数据。其中装置A中极差、平均偏差和标准偏差均小于0.001 mm的点,占所有点的83%,表明该设备在0.001 mm数量级精密度良好;装置B进行卫生丸“侵蚀”模拟实验,获得早期(前三天)微米级的平均“侵蚀”速率(0.0097 mm/天),装置A的每日重复测量结果基本说明测量精度已经达到1μm(0.001 mm)。改造后的装置精度更高且简单和易于携带,可在较低侵蚀速率地区大范围测量。

Directly measuring the reduced height of rock surface is an effective method to study the current surface erosion rate.It is currently believed that the erosion rate of surface rocks is generally on the order of one hundredth of a millimeter to micrometers.However,previous measuring instruments cannot meet the measurement accuracy of rock erosion rate in a wide range of fields.This paper introduces a newly developed instrument that can directly measure rock erosion rate,i.e.,a portable high-precision vernier spiral micrometer device,and further illuminates the composition and principle of this instrument.In comparison with the previous measurement,the improvement is that this device uses“magnet”instead of“ratchet”,screwing spiral micrometer rod,and using modified device to conduct indoor simulation experiments.The experimental device A and device B simultaneously measured the two conditions without erosion and with erosion,and a total of 120 measurement data were obtained.Among them,the points with range,average deviation,and standard deviation in device A are all less than 0.001 mm,accounting for 83%of all points,indicating that the device has a good precision on the order of 0.001 mm.The device B was utilized to conduct sanitary pill“erosion”simulation to obtain early(first three days)average“erosion”rate at a micron level(0.0097 mm/day).The daily repeated measurement results of device A indicate that the measurement accuracy has reached 1μm(0.001 mm).The modified device is more accurate,simple and easy to carry,which can be used in wide-range measurements in areas with lower erosion rates.