核酸检测联合ELISA检测技术在献血者血液筛查中的应用价值分析

Analysis on Application Value of Nucleic Acid Detection Combined with ELISA Detection Technique in Blood Screening of Blood Donors

目的探讨核酸检测(NAT)联合ELISA检测技术在献血者血液筛查中的应用价值。方法选择2021年1月至2021年10月在本地区采集的19845份无偿献血标本,对所有标本均使用两种不同ELISA试剂进行检测,对至少一种试剂结果为阴性的标本进行NAT检测,分别使用浩源检测系统或诺华检测系统进行检测,分析NAT检测结果。结果19845份无偿献血标本经NAT检测,一级反应池共检测了4205个,其中出现85个反应性一级反应池,反应率为2.02%(85/4205);拆分后进行单检或再鉴别检测,共有44份标本出现反应性,总反应率为0.22%(44/19845)。诺华操作系统共检测1970份标本,出现8个反应性,反应率为0.41%(8/1970);然后再进行鉴别检测,共4份标本出现反应性,反应率为0.20%(4/1970)。浩源操作系统共检测17875份标本,出现77个反应性一级混样池,反应率为0.43%(77/17875);拆分后进行单检,共40份标本出现反应性,反应率为0.22%(40/17875);两种操作系统反应率相比,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论献血者血液筛查中ELISA检测联合NAT检测可起到补充作用,提高输血安全。

Objective To explore the application value of nucleic acid detection(NAT)combined with ELISA detection technique in blood screening of blood donors.Methods 19845 voluntary blood donation specimens collected in our region from January 2021 to October 2021 were selected.All specimens were tested with 2 different ELISA reagents,and NAT tests were performed on specimens with negative results of at least one reagent.Haoyuan detection system or Novartis detection system was used to detect respectively,and to analyze the NAT detection results.Results 19845 voluntary blood donation samples were tested by NAT,and 4205 primary reaction pools were detected,of which 85 were reactive primary reaction pools,and the response rate was 2.02%(85/4205).A total of 44 samples showed reactivity after single test or re-identification test,the total response rate was 0.22%(44/19845).A total of 1970 specimens were detected by the Novartis operating system,8 of which were reactive,and the response rate was 0.41%(8/1970).A total of 17875 samples were detected on the Haoyuan operating system,and 77 reactive first-class mixed pools appeared,with a response rate of 0.43%(77/17875).After resolution,40 samples showed reactivity,and the reactivity rate was 0.22%(40/17875).No statistical difference was found in the reactivity rates between the two operating systems(P>0.05).Conclusions ELISA detection combined with NAT detection in blood screening of blood donors can play a supplementary role and improve blood transfusion safety.