茶树组培苗微嫁接研究

Study on Vitro Micrografting Technology of Tissue Culture Plantlets in Camellia sinensis

为了建立茶组培苗微嫁接技术体系,解决组培生根难、传统嫁接易受季节影响的问题,以无根组培苗为接穗,扦插生根苗为砧木,研究了组培苗炼苗时间、接穗带叶数、接穗打顶、培养温度、接穗木质化程度、接穗长度、生长调节物质浓度、组培苗茎杆与砧木苗茎杆大小等对微嫁接成活率的影响。结果表明,在嫁接时组培苗最适炼苗时间为4 d,带3片叶的接穗易于嫁接成活;留顶的接穗嫁接后新芽萌发较快;培养温度为25℃有利于嫁接苗成活;已木质化的接穗嫁接不易枯死;接穗长度为(2.5±0.1)cm、在1 mg/L NAA中浸泡5 min后嫁接成活率最高;选择茎秆直径大小相近的砧木和接穗进行微嫁接,成活率最高,为68.33%。

Firstly,the study established a micrografting techniques system for the tissue cultured buds of the tea in order to solve the problem of tissue culture roots and traditional marriage problems easy to be affected by the season.Rootless tissue culture shoots were used as scions and cutting-rooted seedlings were used as rootstocks to study the effects of training time of tissue culture seedlings,number of scion leaves,scion top,culture temperature,degree of scion lignification,scion length,concentration of growth regulators,stem size of tissue culture seedlings and rootstocks on the survival rate of micrografting.The results showed that the best seedling training time of tissue culture for 4 days,and the scion with 3 leaves was easy to survive grafting.The scion with the top left germinated faster after grafting.The culture temperature of 25℃was favorable for the survival of grafting.The grafting of lignified scion could avoid dying after grafting.The scion length of 2.1-3.0 cm,and the grafting survival rate was the highest after soaking the scion in 1 mg/L NAA for 5 min.Rootstocks and scions with similar diameter of stem were selected for micrografting with high survival rate,reaching 68.33%.