益智种质资源的表型性状与品质性状的研究及评价

Evaluation and Study on Phenotypic and Qualitativ Traits of Alpinia oxyphylla Germplasm Resources

采用变异系数、多样性指数、聚类分析、相关分析、主成分分析和隶属函数分析等方法,对134份益智种质资源的22个表型性状及2个品质性状进行综合评价,为茂名地区优良品种选育和遗传研究提供参考。结果表明,各表型性状均存在较大变异,变异系数介于9.49%~48.05%之间,其中果穗重的变异系数最大;各性状间表现出较好的多样性,多样性指数为1.93~2.08,平均为2.03;聚类分析将134份益智种质资源分为四大类群;各表型性状之间存在非常复杂的相关性;主成分分析表明,前7个主成分的累计贡献率为84.50%;模糊隶属函数法综合评价表明,第Ⅰ类群可作为选育大果型高产优质种质,第Ⅲ类群可作为选育小果型高产优质种质,结合逐步线性回归筛选出果穗重、叶宽、种子厚度、果长、果序轴直径、果序长、种子大小、茎叶夹角、地径、单果大小等10个表型性状,可作为益智种质资源综合评价的重要指标。

Using coefficient of variation,diversity index,cluster analysis,correlation analysis,principal component analysis and membership function analysis,22 phenotypic traits and 2 quality traits of 134 Alpinia oxyphylla germplasm resources were comprehensively evaluated,so as to provide reference for breeding and genetic research of excellent varieties in Maoming area.The results showed that there was great variation in all phenotypic characters,the coefficient of variation ranged from 9.49%to 48.05%,and the coefficient of variation of ear weight was the largest.There was a good diversity among the traits,and the diversity index ranged from 1.93 to 2.08,with an average of 2.03.The 134 germplasm resources were divided into four groups by cluster analysis.There were complex correlations among phenotypic traits.Principal component analysis showed that the cumulative contribution rate of the first seven principal components was 84.50%.Fuzzy membership function method of comprehensive evaluation indicated that the groupⅠcould be used as breeding bigger fruit,high yield and good quality germplasm,and groupⅢcould be used as breeding small fruit type high yield and good quality germplasm,combined with the stepwise linear regression to select grain weight,width,thickness,fruit length,seed infructescence long shaft diameter,infructescence,seed size,stem leaf angle,ground diameter,fruit weight 10 phenotypic traits,used as important indexes for the comprehensive evaluation of Alpinia oxyphylla germplasm resources.