2021年扬州地区新型冠状病毒肺炎疫情期间风湿病患者焦虑、抑郁情绪调查研究

Investigation on Anxiety and Depression of Patients with Rheumatism During the Epidemic of Novel Coronavirus Pneumonia in Yangzhou in 2021

目的:分析扬州地区新型冠状病毒肺炎疫情期间风湿病患者的心理状态及相关影响因素,为将来制订突发公共卫生事件下风湿病患者心理危机干预方案提供科学依据及参考。方法:使用智能疾病管理系统(SSDM)在扬州地区新型冠状病毒肺炎疫情期间发放线上调查问卷400份,收回350份。问卷内容包括人口学特征、疫情对生活影响、风湿病相关情况及医院焦虑抑郁量表(HADS);统计分析疫情期间风湿病患者焦虑、抑郁情绪状态及影响因素。结果:扬州地区新型冠状病毒肺炎疫情期间风湿病患者出现焦虑、抑郁情绪的比例较非疫情期间明显升高;单因素方差分析显示,处于隔离状态、每年看病支出>3万元、不会使用互联网医院的风湿病患者焦虑HADS评分更高,焦虑情绪更严重(P<0.05);文化程度在高中以下、年收入≤5万元、每年看病支出>3万元、不会使用互联网医院的风湿病患者抑郁HADS评分更高,抑郁情绪更严重(P<0.05);多因素分析结果显示,会使用互联网是患者焦虑、抑郁情绪的保护因素(P<0.05);每年看病支出﹥3万元是患者抑郁情绪的危险因素(P<0.05)。不同病种风湿病患者焦虑、抑郁情绪在人口学特征、疾病相关情况等方面表现存在差异(P<0.05);轻度焦虑风湿病患者和中重度焦虑风湿病患者的看病支付方式、年收入存在差异(P<0.05);轻度抑郁风湿病患者与中重度抑郁风湿病患者的文化程度、是否会使用互联网医院存在差异(P<0.05)。结论:新型冠状病毒肺炎疫情下,风湿病患者出现焦虑、抑郁情绪比例上升。焦虑和抑郁情绪受到年收入、每年看病支出、是否会使用互联网医院、受教育程度的影响。应针对处于隔离状态、受教育程度低下、年收入≤5万元、每年看病支出>3万元、不会使用互联网医院的患者制订干预措施,有助于减轻患者心理负担。

Objective:To analyze the psychological status and related influencing factors of patients with rheumatism during the epidemic of novel coronavirus pneumonia in Yangzhou,so as to provide scientific basis and reference for formulating the psychological crisis intervention program for patients with rheumatism under public health emergencies in the future.Methods:The Smart System of Disease Management(SSDM)was used to distribute 400 online questionnaires during the epidemic of novel coronavirus pneumonia in Yangzhou,and 350 questionnaires were recovered.The contents of the questionnaire included demographic characteristics,impact of epidemic on life,related conditions of rheu-matism and Hospital Anxiety and Depres-sion Scale(HADS);statistical analysis of anxiety and depression of rheumatic pa-tients during the epidemic period and their influencing factors was made.Results:The proportion of anxiety and depression in patients with rheumatism during the epidemic of novel coronavirus pneumonia in Yangzhou was significantly higher than that during the non-epidemic period;ANOVA showed that patients with rheumatism who were isolated,spent more than 30000 yuan a year to see a doctor,and did not use Internet hospitals had higher HADS-A scores and more serious anxiety(P<0.05);rheumatism patients with education level below senior high school,less than 50000 yuan of annual income,and more than 30000 yuan of annual medical expenses,and those who do not use Internet hospitals had higher depression HADS scores and more serious depression(P<0.05);multivariate analysis showed that Internet use was a protective factor for patients’anxiety and depression(P<0.05);spending more than 30000 yuan a year to see a doctor is a risk factor for depression(P<0.05).There were differences in demographic characteristics,disease related conditions and other aspects of anxiety and depression among patients with different rheumatic diseases(P<0.05);there were differences in the way of payment and annual income between patients with mild and moderate-severe anxiety rheumatism(P<0.05);there were differences between mild depressive rheumatic patients and moderate-severe depressive rheumatic patients in educational level and whether they would use Internet hospitals(P<0.05).Conclusion:Under epidemic of novel coronavirus,the proportion of patients with rheumatism who have anxiety and depression is increasing.Anxiety and depression are affected by annual income,annual medical expenses,whether using Internet hospitals,and education level.Intervention measures should be formulated for patients who are isolated,have low education level,have an annual income of less than 50000 yuan,spend more than 30000 yuan each year to see a doctor,and do not use Internet hospitals,which will help reduce their psychological burden.