中美两国地区数字经济产业效率测算与动态演进实证分析

Efficiency Measurement and Dynamic Evolution of Digital Economy in China and the United States

本文以2003—2019年中美两国数字经济产业的投入产出数据为基础,利用SBM-DEA方法对两国数字经济产业的地区效率进行测算,采用可视化方法对中美数字经济产业地区效率的空间分布进行描绘,并利用Epanechnikov核密度曲线、Dagum基尼系数揭示中美两国数字经济产业效率演进趋势。结果表明:①样本期内中国数字经济产业总效率高于美国,中国数字经济产业效率在提高,同期美国数字经济产业效率在下降;②中美两国的数字经济产业效率地区差距都在扩大,美国的扩大趋势比较显著,中国的地区差距主要来自东中西部,而美国的差距主要来自地区内部;③由核密度分析可以得到,中国的数字经济产业效率核密度曲线右移趋势明显,无明显的右拖尾,无双峰现象,其概率密度分布比较均匀,无明显的两极化趋势,而美国的核密度曲线有轻微左移趋势,单峰特征明显,有右拖尾,有形成数字经济产业效率两极化的趋势。

Based on the input-output data of digital economy industries from 2003 to 2019,this paper measures the regional efficiency of the digital economy industries by SBM-DEA method.The spatial distribution of efficiency is depicted,and finally the Epanechnikov kernel density curve and Dagum Gini coefficient are used to reveal the evolution trend of digital economy industry efficiency in China and the United States.Through analysis,this paper finds the followings.①The total efficiency of China digital economy industry is higher than that of the US in the sample period,and the efficiency of China's digital economy industry is improving and the efficiency of the US digital economy industry is decreasing.②Regional gap in the efficiency of digital economy industry between China and the United States is expanding,the gap between digital economy industrial efficiency gap is more significant,China's gap mainly comes from the gap between the eastern and western regions,and the gap in the United States mainly comes from the gap within the region.③According to the nuclear density analysis,the nuclear density curve of China's digital economy is obvious,with no obvious right drag tail and no peak phenomenon.The probability density distribution is relatively uniform and there is no obvious polarization trend.The nuclear density curve of the industrial efficiency of the digital economy in the United States has a slight left shift trend,obvious single peak characteristics,right drag tail,and a trend of the industrial efficiency polarization of the digital economy.