彰武水库水质状态分析及评价

Analysis and evaluation of water quality in Zhangwu Reservoir

运用主成分分析法(PCA)、综合营养状态指数法(TLI)和加拿大水质指数(CCME WQI)对2011—2020年彰武水库水质状态进行比较,发现3种分析方法对彰武水库水质状态分析具有较好的一致性。主成分分析结果显示:彰武水库水质变化的主要驱动因子为总氮、生化需氧量、高锰酸盐指数、叶绿素a、pH值和总磷;不同水期,主要污染物不同;生化需氧量、总氮始终是水库水质污染的重要污染指标。由于污染主要来源于工业、生活污水及农业面源,建议进一步强化水库上游工、农业污染减排,加快周边农村环境综合整治,控制农业面源污染,以确保库区水环境质量得以改善。

The water quality status of Zhangwu Reservoir from 2011 to 2020 was compared by using the Principal Component Analysis(PCA) method,the Trophic Level Index(TLI) method and the Canadian water quality index(CCME WQI).The three analysis methods had good consistency in the analysis of water quality status of Zhangwu Reservoir.The results of the PCA method showed that the main driving factors of the water quality change in Zhangwu Reservoir were total nitrogen,biochemical oxygen demand,permanganate index,chlorophyll a,pH value and total phosphorus,and the main pollutants were different in different water periods.However,biochemical oxygen demand and total nitrogen were always important pollution indicators of reservoir water quality pollution,mainly from industrial pollution,domestic sewage and agricultural non-point source pollution.It is necessary to further strengthen the industrial and agricultural pollution reduction in the upstream of the reservoir,speed up the comprehensive improvement of the surrounding rural environment,control agricultural non-point source pollution,and ensure the improvement of water environment quality in the reservoir area.