“双碳”背景下制造业企业意义导向创新生态系统构建

Building a Meaningful Innovation Ecosystem for Manufacturing Companies under the Background of "Carbon Peak and Neutrality"

“双碳”政策背景下,制造业企业亟待从传统技术创新体系中突破,以应对不确定事件频发、能源价格居高不下的发展环境,并为企业获取竞争优势建立基础。绿色创新生态系统固然为企业融合经济与社会发展目标,早日达成“双碳”目标提供一定助力,但缺乏深厚的理论基础,难以满足企业在未来实现可持续、高质量发展的需要。有意义的创新理论从经济、社会、国家战略和未来四个维度提出应发展中国特色的创新路径,从而构建意义导向创新生态系统。为探究制造业企业构建意义导向创新生态系统的核心机制,基于单案例研究方法,根据公开报道、访谈、实地调研资料,分析传统制造业企业—冰山集团构建其意义导向创新生态系统的关键过程。研究结果表明,以绿色创新为核心的意义导向创新机制是制造业企业构建意义导向创新生态系统的关键路径;而制造业企业采取主动式绿色创新可将经济、社会、环境目标有机结合,实现高质量发展。根据案例分析结果提出了意义导向创新生态系统的核心构建机制,发现制造业企业可以通过设计综合服务方案、资源共享平台、能源二次利用系统等构建意义导向创新生态系统的核心;提出并证明构建意义导向创新生态系统是制造业企业实现有意义创新的主要模式。实践中,制造业企业应深刻理解未来技术创新的目的是降低资源损耗率/提升资源使用率,加强工业设备运转过程中的多余能量储纳和再利用,提高资源所含能量的利用率;可围绕绿色创新来实现资源利用效率的提高,在设计意义导向创新生态系统时可通过加强高质量管理和分布式循环,来实现能源使用率和能源利用率的提高,从而构建资源节约型和环境友好型意义导向创新生态系统。

Since the "carbon peak and neutrality" goal was put forward, the dual pressures of internal transformation and external policy changes faced by manufacturing enterprises are increasing. In order to gain a competitive advantage in the development environment of frequent uncertain events and high energy prices, manufacturing enterprises need to establish an innovation ecosystem, which is different from the traditional innovation system. Although the green innovation ecosystem can provide certain assistance for enterprises to integrate economic and social development goals and achieve the "carbon peak and neutrality" goal as soon as possible in the existing research, it couldn’t build sustainable innovation capability. Compared with green innovation, taking meaning-oriented as an innovative idea can meet the needs of enterprises to achieve sustainable and high-quality development in the future. Therefore, it has become a key research question to explore the core mechanism of manufacturing enterprises to construct a meaning-oriented innovation ecosystem.The traditional innovation theory system focused on optimizing resource allocation, improving technological innovation to establish competitive advantage, ignored the social value of enterprises and user needs. Meaningful innovation theory explores how enterprises can realize real social value and realize innovation in three dimensions of meaning, technology and market within the same framework, helping enterprises to accurately capture new market trends and changes in innovation paradigms. Based on the theory of meaningful innovation, the single case study method is used to explore the innovative ideas of Bingshan Group, a leading enterprise in China’s refrigeration industry, in the process of seeking breakthroughs in transformation. By interviewing managers, collecting public information of Bingshan Group, and conducting on-the-spot investigations at the company, to explores the entire process of building a meaning-oriented innovation ecosystem by Bingshan Group.First-order constructs and second-order themes were constructed by comparing the changes before and after the Bingshan Group adopted meaningful innovation. The study found that in the stage of meaningless innovation, Bingshan Group carried out decentralized innovation in products, sales, and services according to the traditional innovation system, and achieved certain results, but it was difficult to build sustainable innovation capabality;Entering into the stage of meaningful innovation, through designing comprehensive service plans, building resource sharing platform, secondary utilization of waste energy and other means to build a meaning-oriented innovation ecosystem;take improving resource utilization and resource usage rate as the core, to build a meaning-oriented innovation ecosystem with its participants in the innovation ecosystem.Manufacturing enterprises building a meaning-oriented innovation ecosystem can organically combine economic, social and environmental goals to achieve high-quality development. Enterprises should, based on their own characteristics,deeply understand that the main direction of future technological innovation is to reduce resource consumption rate/increase resource utilization rate, strengthen the storage and reuse of excess energy during the operation of industrial equipment, and improve the utilization rate of energy contained in resources. Focusing on meaningful innovation to improve resource utilization efficiency, when designing a meaning-oriented innovation ecosystem, enterprises can improve resource utilization and resource usage rate by strengthening high-quality management and distributed circulation, so as to build a resource-saving and Environmentally friendly meaning leads to innovation ecosystems.Future research can continue to expand around the theory of meaningful innovation. Except green innovation, the application of other traditional innovation theories in the new environment can also be explored in the system of meaningful innovation. It is foreseeable that in the future, it will be an important research direction for manufacturing enterprises to make meaningful innovations in products and services to help users save energy and protect the environment. Manufacturing enterprises have made huge economic value contributions to social development, but the high return of economic value often makes manufacturing enterprises ignoring the basic positioning of their products as energy transit parties rather than energy occupiers or users. A range of ecological and social issues. Therefore, based on the research results, it is recommended to improve research on issues related to manufacturing enterprises.