输注血小板的2860例住院患者血小板抗体产生的影响因素分析

Influencing factors of platelet antibody production in 2 860 hospitalized patients receiving platelet transfusion

目的分析输注血小板的住院患者血小板抗体产生的影响因素。方法抽取2021年6月至2021年12月在河南省人民医院申请输注血小板的住院患者2860例,均采用固相凝集法检测血小板抗体,分析患者性别、年龄、血型、疾病种类等因素与血小板抗体的关系。结果2860例患者中男性血小板抗体阳性率为10.19%(164/1610),低于女性的16.32%(204/1250),差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。不同ABO血型患者血小板抗体阳性率比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。不同年龄段患者血小板抗体阳性率比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.01),其中21~45岁年龄段患者阳性率较高(18.01%,106/588)。常见疾病中免疫风湿的血小板抗体阳性率为27.27%(21/77),妊娠合并血小板减少为20.51%(8/39)、血液系统疾病为15.66%(257/1641)。结论性别、年龄、血型、不同疾病类型与血小板抗体产生有一定关系,有临床参考价值。

Objective To analyze the influencing factors of platelet antibody production in hospitalized patients undergoing platelet transfusion.Methods A total of 2860 inpatients who applied for platelet transfusion in Henan Provincial People’s Hospital from June 2021 to December 2021 were selected,the platelet antibody was detected by solid-phase agglutination method,and the relationship between the patient’s gender,age,blood type,disease type with platelet antibody was analyzed.Results Among the 2860 patients,the positive rate of platelet antibody in males was 10.19%(164/1610),which was lower than that in females(16.32%,204/1250),and the difference was significant(P<0.01).There were significant differences in the positive rate of platelet antibody among patients with different ABO blood types(P<0.05).There was a statistically significant difference in the positive rate of platelet antibodiy among patients of different age groups(P<0.01),and the positive rate of patients aged 21 to 45 years was higher(18.01%,106/588).Among the common diseases,the positive rate of platelet antibody in patients with immune rheumatism was 27.27%(21/77),20.51%(8/39)in patients with pregnancy complicated by thrombocytopenia,and 15.66%(257/1641)in patients with hematological diseases.Conclusions The gender,age,blood type,and disease type of patients have a certain relationship with platelet antibody production,which has clinical reference value.