网络“互嵌”与农村家庭创业选择--兼论共同富裕实现

Network“Inter-embeddedness”and the Choice of Rural Family Entrepreneurship:A Further Discussion on Achieving Common Prosperity

作为新力量的互联网,如何在传统的乡村社会中发挥促进创业的作用?本文使用2018年中国家庭追踪调查数据,运用反事实总效应四项分解方法完全分离互联网创业效应的纯技术贡献和社会关系网络作用,以验证互联网和社会关系网络“互嵌”机制。研究发现,互联网赋能农村家庭创业,但网络“互嵌”机制仅表现在互联网同弱社会关系网络之间,强社会关系网络只发挥纯中介效应。结合共同富裕背景,本文进一步分析了网络“互嵌”机制的异质性。异质性分析结果表明:在互联网生存型创业效应中纯技术贡献发挥了主要作用,在互联网机会型创业效应中弱社会关系网络起到“放大器”的作用;对于户主健康状况较差的农村家庭,互联网仅表现出纯技术贡献;贫困脆弱性农村家庭面临数字鸿沟问题,互联网创业效应并不显著。本文认为,在日益“原子化”的农村社会中要重视社会组织的发展,以拓展农村家庭的弱社会关系网络,实现组织制度与技术双轮赋能农村家庭创业,走通一条有地方特色的乡村振兴和共同富裕之路。

How can the Internet play a role in promoting entrepreneurship in traditional rural society as a new force?This article uses the data of China Family Panel Studies(CFPS)in 2018 to decompose the overall effect of an exposure on an outcome within the counterfactual framework to the pure technology effect and social effect,to verify the“inter-embeddedness”mechanism of the Internet and social network.The study finds that the Internet empowers rural families to start businesses,but the“inter-embeddedness”effect only occurs between the Internet and the weak social network,and strong social network only plays a pure intermediary effect.Combined with the background of common prosperity,this study further analyzes the heterogeneity of the network“interembeddedness”mechanism.The results of heterogeneity analysis show that pure technology contribution plays a major role in the Internet survival entrepreneurial effect,and the weak social network plays an“amplifier”role in the Internet opportunity entrepreneurial effect.For rural households with poor health status of household heads,the Internet only shows pure technical contributions.Poor and vulnerable rural families face the problem of digital divide,and the Internet entrepreneurship effect is not significant.This study holds that in an increasingly“atomized”rural society,we should attach importance to the development of social organizations,so as to expand the weak social network of rural families,realize the dual driving forces of organizational system and technology for rural families to start businesses,and take a path of rural revitalization and common prosperity with local characteristics.