四倍体白榆叶片形态特征和光合特性研究

Study on Leaf Morphology and Photosynthetic Characteristicsof Tetraploid Ulmus pumila

四倍体白榆是通过秋水仙素加倍得到的白榆新的育种材料,为了解白榆染色体加倍后叶片形态与光和特性的变化,以二倍体亲本作对照,对白榆四倍体无性系的叶片形态、叶绿素含量、光合特性、叶绿素荧光特性进行测定和研究,并分析榆树同源四倍体无性系生长及光合生理的变化规律,结果表明:(1)3个白榆四倍体无性系在叶长、叶宽、叶面积及周长等形态学特征方面表现出了巨大性。(2)3个白榆同源四倍体无性系的叶绿素a(Chla)、叶绿素b(Chlb)和总叶绿素(Chla+b)均呈现出升高现象。(3)同源四倍体叶片在正常光照下,光能利用效率高于二倍体。

Tetraploid Ulmus pumila is a new breeding material of Ulmus pumila obtained through colchicine doubling.In order to understand the changes of leaf morphology and light and characteristics after chromosome doubling of Ulmus pumila,the leaf morphology,chlorophyll content,photosynthetic characteristics and chlorophyll fluorescence characteristics of tetraploid clones of Ulmus pumila were measured and studied with diploid parents as control,and the growth and photosynthetic physiological changes of Autotetraploid clones of Ulmus pumila were analyzed,The results showed that:(1)the three tetraploid clones of Ulmus pumila showed great morphological characteristics in leaf length,leaf width,leaf area and perimeter.(2)The chlorophyll a(Chla),chlorophyll b(chlb)and total chlorophyll(chla+b)of three autotetraploid clones of Ulmus pumila showed an increase.(3)Under normal light,the light energy utilization efficiency of Autotetraploid leaves was higher than that of diploid leaves.