基于自然联结的教学对儿童学习的积极影响--基于30年来欧美学界相关文献的考察

Positive Effects of Teaching and Studying Based on Connectedness with Nature on Children’s Learning:Based on Analysis of Related Literature in European and American Academia in the Past Thirty Years

自然对儿童而言是重要的学习资源,自然联结是促进儿童学习的有效方式。基于自然联结的教学,兼顾儿童学习的内因和外因,已经被证明能够促进儿童的学习,它既通过提升儿童诸多与学习密切相关的内在能力,如注意力、学习动力、抗压能力、自律性等,又通过利用好三种支持学习的外在环境——使儿童心态平静的自然环境、塑造和谐以及合作关系的自然环境、便于儿童开展多种形式游戏的自然环境,来协同促进儿童的学习。

Nature is an important learning resource for children,and connectedness with nature is an effective way to promote children’s learning.The improvement in children’s learning is the result of the synergy between inner abilities and external environment.Teaching and studying based on connectedness with nature,which addresses both internal and external causes of learning,has been proven to promote children’s learning.On the one hand,it improves children’s internal abilities closely related to learning,such as attention,learning motivation,stress tolerance,self-discipline,etc.,thereby promoting children’s learning.On the other hand,it promotes children’s learning by making good use of the three kinds of external environment supporting learning:the natural environment that makes children calm,the natural environment that shapes the harmonious and cooperative relationship,and the natural environment that is convenient for children to carry out various forms of play.