智商与情商哪个对学习更重要?

IQ or EQ:Which is More Important for Students’Learning?

本研究对860名中学生进行为期一年共三次的追踪研究,旨在考察学生的智商和情商对其语文、数学、英语三科学业成绩的预测作用。交叉滞后模型分析表明:(1)学生先前的智力水平(即智商)能够显著正向预测其三科学业成绩,也即智力水平高的学生,其三科学业成绩也越高;(2)学生的人格特质(即情商的重要指标),尤其是开放性人格也显著正向预测其学科成绩;(3)从长远来看,学生的智力与开放性人格存在交互作用,二者可以相互弥补彼此的不足,从而影响学生以后的学习成绩。可见,智商和情商对学生的学习都十分重要,教育在重视学生潜力开发和智力发展的同时,也应注重培养学生健全的人格。

This study of a sample of 860 Chinese secondary school students used Raven reasoning test and Big Five personality scale to investigate the longitudinal relationship between intelligence,personality and students’academic performance in three subjects(Chinese,Math,and English).This is a three-wave longitudinal study covering one school year.The cross-lagged panel model analyses indicated that:(1)students’previous intelligence level can significantly and positively predicted their academic performance in all three subjects.That is,students with high intelligence level tended to achieve higher academic performance in three subjects;(2)students’personality traits,especially openness,also significantly and positively predicted their academic performance in all three subjects;(3)in the long-term run,there is a compensatory interaction between students’intelligence and openness in the prediction of academic performance.In this regard,both intelligence and personality traits are very important for students’learning.Educators should not only pay attention to the development of students’potential and intelligence,but also to the cultivation of students’personality traits.