海洋生物微塑料检测方法及污染现状研究进展

Research progress on detection methods and pollution status of microplastics in marine organisms

海洋微塑料污染问题是全球研究热点,现有研究表明微塑料在海洋环境中无处不在,对海洋生态的威胁逐渐加重,伴随着海洋食品的兴起,人们也越来越重视微塑料污染对人体健康的危害。本文通过对海洋生物体内微塑料污染情况的概述,系统分析了微塑料对海洋生物造成的影响。主要针对微塑料检测的前处理方法以及组分的鉴定方法展开综述,对不同方法的优缺点进行比较,指出在微塑料检测研究中多种方法综合应用效果最佳。基于现阶段海洋微塑料的研究状况,从科学研究和管控方面讨论了目前研究中存在的问题,展望了未来的研究方向。

The problem of marine microplastics pollution has become a global research hotspot.Existing research indicates that microplastics are ubiquitous in the marine environment,and the threat of microplastics to marine ecology is increasing.With the rise in consumption of marine foods,people are increasingly paying attention towards the harmful effects of microplastics pollution to human health.In this paper,the microplastics pollution in marine organisms has been summarized,and the impact of microplastics pollution on marine organisms is systematically analyzed.This review is mainly focused on the microplastics pretreatment and identification methods of various components.Additionally,the advantages and disadvantages of different methods are compared,and as a result,the comprehensive utilization of multiple methods is identified as the best way to detect microplastics.Considering the current research status of marine microplastics,the problems existing in the current research are discussed from the perspectives of scientific research and management,and the future research directions are outlined.