纤维植生工艺在西北干旱区矸石山生态修复中的应用

Application of fiber planting technology in ecological restoration of gangue hill in Northwest arid area

运用植生纤维工艺,旨在针对西北干旱区土地贫瘠、水土流失严重的特点提供一种节约土源消耗的矸石山生态修复方法。选用了4种植生纤维和9种植物,以喷播形式在已覆土的矸石山进行生态修复应用,在不同时期调查各处理的植被覆盖度,通过对比差异显著性分析各种纤维的适用性,并在最优区内通过单株覆盖度调查得出优势植物种。结果显示,纤维B的植生效果最佳,喷播3周后的总覆盖度为39.85%,喷播12周后总覆盖度为65.66%;9种植物品种中黑麦草为优势种,覆盖度51.60%,紫花苜蓿次之,覆盖度16.39%。最终得出:相较传统的覆土复垦方法,纤维植生工艺可节省60%土源用量,为西北干旱区矸石堆生态修复节省宝贵表土资源,应用可行。

In this study,the plant fiber technology was used to provide an ecological restoration method for waste rock hills to save soil source consumption according to the characteristics of barren land and serious soil erosion in arid areas of Northwest China.4 kinds of planting fiber and 9 kinds of plants were selected for ecological restoration on soil-covered gangue hill with the method of spray sowing.The vegetation coverage of each treatment was investigated in different periods,and the applicability of various fibers was analyzed by comparing the differences.The dominant plant species were obtained by a single plant coverage survey.The results showed that fiber B had the best planting effect,and the total coverage was 39.85%after 3 weeks of spraying,which get to 65.66%after 12 weeks.Among the 9 kinds of plants,Lolium perenne L.was the dominant species with a coverage of 51.60%,followed by Medicago sativa L.with a coverage of 16.39%.Finally,it is concluded that compared with the traditional soil reclamation method,the fiber planting technology can save 60%of the amount of soil source and save valuable topsoil resources for the ecological restoration of gangue piles in arid areas of northwest China.