培智学校班主任专业能力现状与影响因素研究

A Study on the Current Situation and Influencing Factors of the Headteachers’Professional Competence in Schools for the Mentally Retarded

班主任专业能力是班主任专业成熟的关键因素。为了解当前培智学校班主任专业能力发展现状,采用自编问卷对上海、江苏、福建、湖北、山西等省份培智学校班主任进行抽样调查。结果发现:培智学校班主任专业能力处于中等偏上水平。其中,主动申请担任班主任、班主任工作年限较长、参加过专业培训的班主任专业能力显著更高。但从调查数据来看,还存在培智学校班主任队伍人员结构不合理,教师主动承担班主任工作意愿低,长期担任班主任教师数量偏少,未能做到班主任全员培训等问题。据此,建议完善培智学校班主任激励机制,优化班主任队伍结构;激发主观能动性,唤醒教师担任班主任的内驱力;加强班主任岗位培训,整体提升班主任专业素养。

The professional competence of headteachers is regarded as the key factor of their professional maturity.In order to learn about the current situation of headteachers’professional competence in schools for the mentally retarded,a self-designed questionnaire survey was conducted in Shanghai,Jiangsu,Fujian,Hubei,Shanxi.The results show that the professional competences of the headteachers are above average.And the professional ability of those who volunteer to be headteachers,or have worked as headteachers for a longer period,or have participated in professional training is significantly higher.However,according to the survey data,there are still some problems such as the irrational structure of the headteacher team,the low willingness to take up the work of headteachers,the low number of teachers who have been headteachers for a long time,and the insufficient teacher training.Accordingly,it is recommended to improve the incentive mechanism for headteachers in schools for the mentally retarded,optimize the structure of the headteacher team,exert subjective initiative and awaken the internal drive of teachers to be headteachers,and strengthen the training of headteachers to improve their professionalism as a whole.