成人教育知识发展及其核心问题

On the Development of Adult Education Knowledge and its Core Issues

成人教育知识发展是事关成人教育实践和理论发展的关键问题。本文基于知识、科学、学科动态关联的视角,采用历史研究、比较研究和理论研究等方法,探讨了19世纪以来成人教育知识发展及其核心问题。成人教育知识发展经历了19世纪中叶之前的起源时期、19世纪中叶至20世纪60年代的专业孕育时期和20世纪70年代以来的专业化时期三个阶段,形成了经验主义、实证主义、实用主义和马克思主义相混合的知识发展范式,基于政治学和社会学的参与式行动研究知识发展范式,以及基于政治、经济、社会和文化的综合性成人教育学范式。成人教育知识发展与实践的关系、成人教育知识与其他学科知识的关系、成人教育知识的性质和地位及成人教育知识发展的价值取向等,是事关成人教育专业化、科学化、学科化的核心问题,也是需要深入探究的重要问题。

The development of adult education knowledge is a crucial issue related to adult education practice and theory.Based on the perspective of knowledge,science,and discipline dynamic correlation,this paper discusses the development of adult education knowledge and its core issues since the 19th century by using historical,comparative,and theoretical methods.The development of adult education knowledge has roughly gone through three stages:the origin period before the mid-19th century,the professional incubation period from the mid-19th century to the 1960s,and the specialization period since the 1970s,resulting in a paradigm of knowledge development based on a mixture of empiricism,positivism,pragmatism,and Marxism;a paradigm of knowledge development of participatory action research based on political science and sociology,and a paradigm of comprehensive adult pedagogy based on politics,economics,society,and culture.The relationship between the development and practice of adult education knowledge,the relationship between adult education knowledge and other subject knowledge,the nature and status of adult education knowledge,and the value orientation of adult education knowledge development are the core issues related to professionalism,science,and discipline.They are also important issues that need further attention and exploration.