奥密克戎毒株散发疫情下基层医院工勤人员院感知信行调查及影响因素分析

Influencing factors of KAP of primary hospital handymen under the epidemic of Omicron virus strains

目的了解疫情期间,基层医院工勤人员院感知信行现状,并对相关影响因素进行分析,为今后针对性制定培训提供理论支撑。方法本研究着重以知信行理论模式(KAP理论)为框架设计问卷,对本院123名在岗工勤人员(主要包括保洁及护工人员)进行线上问卷星调查,内容包含一般人口学调查、院感相关知识、态度、依从性调查。结果保洁及护工院感知识知晓率:消毒剂使用时效仅为34.96%,各类隔离标识牌含义为73.17%,发生职业暴露后正确上报流程为76.54%,其余项目均在80%以上。院感防控态度表现都比较积极。院感防控依从性中,年龄对“不会一双手套戴到底”差异明显(F=5.332,P=0.001),具体对比,组别平均值对比,“55 y以上>51~55 y”;性别对上述项呈现0.01显著性(F=14.580,P=0.000),对比差异后,女性的平均值(2.12)明显低于男性平均值(3.88);就业背景对上述项呈现明显差异(F=4.359,P=0.006),组别平均值对比,“外来务工>其他、退休后再就业,本地就业>其他、退休后再就业”。结论基层医院保洁及护工院感意识薄弱、院感知识欠缺、依从性较差,需进行规范化培训管理;同时需要及时指导;改善防控中各环节态度,积极规范各类防控要求,强化正确行为;加强防控督查。全面提升基层医院工勤人员感控知信行水平,提升感控质量,降低基层医院院感发生风险。

Objective To investigate the current situations of KAP of handymen in primary hospitals under the epidemic of Omicron virus strains in China and analyze the influencing factors so as to provide theoretical support for targeted training in the future.Methods Using KAP theory as the framework,a questionnaire survey was designed for the investigation among 123 in-service handymen,mainly hygienic laborers and care-givers,in our hospital.The investigation was conducted on Sojump with a general demographic survey and a questionnaire of nosocomial-infection-related knowledge,attitude and practice.Results In terms of nosocomial infection knowledge,the awareness rate of the handymen’s knowledge on the effective time of disinfectant was merely 34.96%,the rate of understanding isolation signs was 73.17%,the awareness rate of correct reporting process for occupational exposure was 76.54%,and the awareness rates of other items were all above 80%.Their attitude to hospital infection prevention and control was positive.As for compliance with hospital infection prevention and control,those aged over 55 complied better than then those aged between 51-55 in the item of“will not wear a pair of gloves all through the work time”(F=5.332,P=0.001),and the handywomen complied significantly poorer than the handymen(2.12 vs.3.88;F=14.580,P=0.000).There was a significant difference in employment background among them(F=4.359,P=0.006):Specifically,according to the average score of different groups,the migrant workers were scored higher than the others and reemployed workers,and the local employees higher than the others and reemployed workers.Conclusion Handymen in primary hospitals are weak in the awareness of nosocomial infection control,poor in compliance,and lack of nosocomial infection knowledge.So standardized training and management and timely education are required to improve their attitude to infection control at all links and reinforce their correct behaviors.Meanwhile,the supervision over infection prevention and control should be enhanced.Lastly,the level of KAP should be elevated among handymen of primary hospitals so as to improve the quality of infection control and reduce the infection risk in primary hospitals.