玫瑰红菇和灰肉红菇对根际土壤微生物群落结构的影响

The Effect of Russula rosea and Russula griseocarnosa on Microorganism Structure of Mycosphere Soil

[目的]通过分析玫瑰红菇和灰肉红菇根际土壤微生物群落,筛选促进2种红菇生长的土壤微生物,为2种红菇的保育促繁以及人工栽培的实现提供理论依据。[方法]以同一生态条件下2种野生食药用外生菌根真菌(玫瑰红菇和灰肉红菇)的根际与非根际土壤作为研究对象,采用高通量Illumina MiSeq测序技术分析2种红菇根际与非根际土壤微生物(真菌、细菌)的群落结构,并结合土壤理化性质进行综合分析。[结果]2种红菇根际土壤微生物略有差异,玫瑰红菇的根际土壤微生物优势菌群为热酸菌属、分枝杆菌属、Reyranella属、纤线杆菌属、罗思河小杆菌属和Oidiodendron属;灰肉红菇的根际土壤微生物优势菌群为变异杆菌属、Bryobacter属,芽生绿菌属、拟青霉属和节菱孢属;细菌(变异杆菌属、Candidatus_Solibacter属、堆囊菌属、分枝杆菌属、Singulisphaera属、Isosphaera属、蛭弧菌属、类芽孢杆菌属)和真菌(木霉属、青霉属和Hypomyces属)为2种红菇共有的菌根辅助菌。pH是影响根际土壤微生物群落结构的关键因素。[结论]2种红菇会根据生长需要特异性地选择对自己生长有益的土壤微生物,形成不同的微生物群落。本研究筛选出的红菇根际菌根辅助菌可为制备红菇微生物专用菌肥以及为红菇的人工促繁提供理论依据,这对红菇的可持续利用,扩大林下食用菌规模,提高经济效益具有重要意义。

[Objective]To provide a theoretical basis for the conservation and propagation of the two species of Russula and the realization of artificial cultivation,the mycosphere soil microbial communities of Russula rosea and Russula griseocarnosa was analyzed,and the soil microorganisms that promoting the growth of the two species of Russula were screened.[Method]The community structure of mycosphere and bulk soil microorganisms(fungi and bacteria)of two species of Russula were analyzed by Illumina MiSeq sequencing technology,and evaluated comprehensively based on soil physicochemical property.[Result]The mycosphere soil microorganisms of the two species of Russula were slightly different.The dominant mycosphere soil microorganisms of R.rosea were Acidothermus,Mycobacterium,Reyranella,Ktedonobacter,Rhodanobacter and Oidiodendron,while the dominant mycosphere soil microorganisms of R.griseocarnosa were Variibacter,Bryobacter,Blastochloris,Cladophialophora,Paecilomyces and Arthrinium.Bacteria(Variibacter,Candidatus_Solibacter,Sorangium,Mycobacterium,Singulisphaera,Isosphaera,Bdellovibrio and Paenibacillus)and fungi(Trichoderma,Penicillium,and Hypomyces)were the common growth promoting microbes of Russula rosea and R.griseocarnosa.pH was the key factor affecting mycosphere soil microorganisms.[Conclusion]The two species of Russula can specifically select soil microorganisms that are beneficial to their growth according to their growth needs and form different microbial community structures.The mycosphere mycorrhizal auxiliary bacteria that were screened out in this study can provide theoretical basis for the preparation of special microbial fertilizer and artificial propagation promotion of Russula,which has great promotion for the sustainable utilization of Russula,the expansion of understory edible fungi scale and the improvement of economic benefits.