基于结构洞理论的在线学术社交用户中间人角色分析

Analysis of Brokerage Roles of Online Academic Social Users Based on Structural Hole Theory

[研究目的]为了探究学术网络成员所处的位置、特征及所扮演的角色对于网络内知识获取、传播所产生的影响,帮助学术社交网站有效提升学术和社交的双重价值,推动在线学术交流有效性的提升。[研究方法]基于结构洞理论中的网络测量体系和中间人角色构建分析框架,以最常用学术社交网站ResearchGate上的用户数据为分析样本,通过问卷调研,随机志愿者数据抓取、个体网络分区、中间人角色运算,以及深度访谈,获得相关的角色信息及其所处的网络位置对科研信息传播的影响。[研究结论]研究结果主要集中在以下3个方面:结构洞的数量与信息控制之间有着正相关关系,而数量的多寡在不同学科领域中并未有太多差异,主要与学术身份相关;相比于讲师/博士后/博士生用户,结构洞对教授/副教授的影响更为显著;不同中间人角色在学术信息交流中所产生的作用各异,其相对应的角色承担者表现出一定的匹配规律,主要与用户的教学科研需求和社交习惯有关。

[Research purpose]In order to explore the impact of the position, characteristics and roles played by academic network members on the acquisition and dissemination of knowledge within the network, and to help academic social networking sites effectively enhance the dual value of academia and socialization and promote the effectiveness of online academic communication.[Research method]An analytical framework was constructed based on the network measurement system and intermediary roles in the structural hole theory, user data on the most commonly used academic social networking site ResearchGate were used as the analysis samples, and relevant role information and the impact of their network location on the dissemination of research information were obtained through questionnaire research, random volunteer data crawling, individual network partitioning, intermediary role computing, and in-depth interviews.[Research conclusion]There is a positive correlation between the number of structural holes and information control, and the number of holes does not vary much in different disciplinary fields, mainly related to academic status;the influence of structural holes on professors/associate professors is more significant than that of lecturers/postdocs/doctoral students users;the role of different intermediaries in academic information exchange varies, and their corresponding role bearers show a certain matching pattern, mainly related to users’ teaching and research needs and social habits.