基于专利组合视角的企业创新水平测度研究

Research on Measurement of Firm Innovation Level Based on the Perspective of Patent Portfolio

[研究目的]企业创新水平的准确测度能够为科技管理部门制定有效的科技创新政策提供科学化数量化支持,同时也为研究者提供定量研究创新问题的关键数据基础,是研究过程与结论正确的根本保证。为更准确地测度企业创新水平,提出一种从企业专利组合出发且包含逐级递阶指标结构的企业创新水平综合测算方法。[研究方法]首先将企业专利组合视为一个整体,选取指标使用相关分析确定同指标内组合形式;其次依据指标内在逻辑关系,运用解释结构模型构建指标逐级递阶结构;然后分别使用判别分析模型、修正的逻辑回归模型确定指标组的组内、组间组合形式,最终得到企业创新水平测度模型及其简化形式。[研究结论]新方法预测的企业创新水平与实际观测的创新水平拟合良好,与以往研究相比具有原理清晰、解释力强、可拓展性强等特点。

[Research purpose] The accurate measurement of the innovation level of enterprises can provide scientific and quantitative support for science and technology management departments to formulate effective science and technology innovation policies, and also provide researchers with a key data basis for quantitative research on innovation issues, which is the fundamental guarantee for correct research processes and conclusions. In order to measure enterprise innovation level more accurately, a comprehensive measurement method of enterprise innovation level is proposed, based on enterprise patent portfolio and included hierarchical index structure. [Research method] First, the enterprise patent portfolio is regarded as a whole, and the index combination is determined by correlation analysis. Second, according to the internal logical relationship of indexes, a hierarchical structure of indexes is constructed by interpretative structural model. Then, the discriminant analysis model and modified logistic regression model are used to determine the intra-group and inter-group combination forms of index. Finally, the measurement model of enterprise innovation level and its simplified form are formed. [Research conclusion] Compared with the previous research, this new method has the characteristics of clear principle, strong explanatory power, and strong extensibility.