近代中国留美学生与马克思主义——基于学生群体角色的初步分析

Marxism and Chinese Students in U.S.in Recent Times:Preliminary Analysis Based on the Role of Student Groups

留美学生群体是近代中国的一个特殊留学群体,在近现代中国历史上占有重要地位。这一留学群体整体上和马克思主义较为疏离,这和他们的群体出身特征、留美选派方式、留美教育经历以及实业救国理念都有极大关联。本文基于这一背景,通过对比留日学生群体情况,讨论留美学生群体主体选择性及其与马克思主义之关系,进而分析该群体在近代中国历史上,尤其是在新中国成立初期的特殊身份和角色面相。

The Chinese students studying in the United States in the early 20 th century is a special group that occupies an important position in modern Chinese history.This group is relatively alienated from Marxism,which may have a lot to do with their original upbringing,the way of their being selected to study abroad,their educational experiences in the United States,and their idea of saving the country by industry.By comparing them with the students studying in Japan,this paper highlights their subjective choice and their relationship with Marxism,and further describes their special group identity and distinctive roles in the history of modern China,especially in the early period of New China.