大学生失败内隐观与抑郁症状和情绪面孔加工的关系

Relations among failure mind-set,depression symptoms and emotional face processing in college students

目的:探讨大学生失败内隐观与抑郁症状的关系以及情绪面孔加工在其中的作用。方法:选取243名大学生,采用2(情绪类别:愉悦、悲伤)×2(任务类型:朝向、反向)被试内实验设计,利用基于眼动技术的情绪面孔眼跳任务考察情绪面孔加工,采用失败内隐观量表(FMS)和病人健康问卷抑郁量表(PHQ-9)评估失败内隐观和抑郁症状。结果:大学生反向眼跳比朝向眼跳潜伏期更长、方向错误率更高;悲伤面孔线索比愉悦面孔线索的反向眼跳潜伏期更短、方向错误率更低(均P<0.001)。在控制性别、年龄和父母受教育程度变量后,FMS得分与PHQ-9得分正向关联(β=0.20),FMS得分×悲伤线索下反向眼跳潜伏期与PHQ-9得分正向关联(β=0.14);在悲伤线索下反向眼跳潜伏期较长的大学生中,FMS得分与PHQ-9得分正向关联(β=0.34)。结论:大学生失败内隐观与抑郁症状相关,情绪面孔加工在失败内隐观与抑郁症状的关系中起调节作用,对于在悲伤面孔线索下注意抑制控制表现较差的大学生,持失败有害观可能出现更严重的抑郁症状。

Objective:To explore the relationship between failure mind-set and depression symptoms and the effect of emotional face processing in college students.Methods:Totally 243 college students were recruited and completed a 2(emotion type: happy, sad) ×2(task type: prosaccade, anti-saccade) within-subject design experiment.Emotional face saccade task based on eye-tracking technique was applied to reflect emotional processing.The failure mind-set and depressive symptoms were measured with the Failure Mind-set Scale(FMS) and Patient Health Questionnaire-9(PHQ-9).Results:College students had longer saccade latency and higher direction error rate in the anti-saccade task than in the pro-saccade task.In the anti-saccade task, compared with the happy face cues, college students had shorter saccade latency and lower direction error rate under the sad face cues(Ps<0.001).After controlling for age, gender and parents′ education levels, the FMS scores were positively correlated with the PHQ-9 scores(β=0.20),and the interaction between FMS scores and anti-saccade latency under sad face cues were positively correlated with PHQ-9 scores(β=0.14).The FMS scores were positively associated with the PHQ-9 scores only in college students with longer anti-saccade latency under sad face cues(β=0.34).Conclusion:It suggests that failure mind-set is related to depression symptoms in college students, and emotional face processing could moderate the relationship between failure mind-set and depression.In college students with worse inhibition performanceunder sadness face cues, their failure-is-debilitating mindset may predict more severe depression symptoms.