厚朴凋落叶分解对湖北贝母生长与生理特性的影响

Effects of Magnolia officinalis leaf litter decomposition on growth trait and physiological characteristic of Fritillaria hupehensis

为探究厚朴凋落叶分解的化感效应,采用盆栽试验,以不添加凋落叶为对照组(CK),设置4个凋落叶添加水平,研究厚朴凋落叶在土壤中分解对湖北贝母生长和生理特性的影响。结果表明,与对照组相比,苗期,湖北贝母的株高、叶长、叶宽、叶面积、鳞茎长、鳞茎宽、鳞茎鲜重和叶绿素含量表现为低剂量处理无显著差异(P>0.05),高剂量处理显著抑制(P<0.05);花期和始枯期,湖北贝母的株高、叶长、叶宽、叶面积和叶绿素含量则呈明显的“低促高抑”规律。而湖北贝母的抗氧化酶活性、丙二醛含量和超氧阴离子自由基含量在不同发育时期变化规律不同。随着厚朴凋落叶剂量的增加,综合效应值先增大后减小,具体排序为:T2(10.50 g·kg^(-1))(1.16)>T1(5.25 g·kg^(-1))(0.44)>T3(15.75 g·kg^(-1))(0.02)>T4(21.00 g·kg^(-1))(-0.99)。主成分分析表明,苗期,叶绿素和丙二醛含量、超氧化物歧化酶活性是影响湖北贝母生长的主要指标;花期,叶长、叶宽、叶面积和株高等地上性状可作为表征湖北贝母生长的主要指标;而始枯期,超氧阴离子自由基含量、过氧化物酶活性则成为影响湖北贝母生长的主要指标,鳞茎长、鳞茎宽、鳞茎鲜重等地下性状可作为湖北贝母生长的主要研究指标。综上所述,低剂量厚朴凋落叶处理显著促进湖北贝母的生长,而高剂量的厚朴凋落叶则显著抑制湖北贝母的生长,且当厚朴凋落叶剂量为10.50 g·kg^(-1)时,湖北贝母生长状况最佳。

In order to investigate the allelopathic effect of Magnolia officinalis leaf litter decomposition,a pot experiment was conducted to explore the effects of M.officinalis leaf litter decomposition in soil on growth traits and physiological characteristics of Fritillaria hupehensis.The results showed that compared with control group,at the seedling stage,plant height,leaf length,leaf width,leaf area,bulb length,bulb width,bulb fresh weight and chlorophyll content of F.hupehensis showed no significant difference in low-dose treatment(P>0.05),and were significantly inhibited in the high-dose treatment(P<0.05).At the flowering stage and the beginning of the withering stage,the plant height,leaf length,leaf width,leaf area and chlorophyll content of F.hupehensis showed obvious trends of“promoting effect at low concentration and suppressing effect at high concentration”.The antioxidant enzyme activities,malondialdehyde content and superoxide anion free radical content of F.hupehensis showed different changes in different developmental stages.With the increase of the dose of M.officinalis,comprehensive effect value increased first and then decreased,and the order was T2(10.50 g·kg^(-1))(1.16)>T1(5.25 g·kg^(-1))(0.44)>T3(15.75 g·kg^(-1))(0.02)>T4(21.00 g·kg^(-1))(-0.99).Principal component analysis showed that chlorophyll content,malondialdehyde content and superoxide dismutase activity were the main indicators affecting the growth of F.hupehensis at the seedling stage.During the flowering stage,leaf length,leaf width,leaf area and plant height could be used as the main indicators to characterize the growth of F.hupehensis.In the falling seedling stage,superoxide anion free radicals content and peroxidase activity became the main traits affecting the growth of F.hupehensis,underground traits such as bulb length,bulb width,and fresh bulb weight could be used as the main research indicators for the growth of F.hupehensis.In conclusion,the low-dose M.officinalis litter treatment significantly promoted the growth of F.hupehensis,while the high-dose M.officinalis litter significantly inhibited the growth of F.hupehensis.When the dose of M.officinalis was 10.5 g·kg^(-1),growth of F.hupehensis was the best.