私利与公利,自由与管理的辩证演进--《蜜蜂的寓言:私人的恶德公众的利益》书评

The Dialectical Evolution of Private Interest and Public Interest,Freedom and Management——Book Review of The Fable of the Bees:Private Vices,Publick Benefits

伯纳德·曼德维尔在《蜜蜂的寓言:私人的恶德公众的利益》中将人类的自利天性与社会的公共利益有机连接,揭示人类天性对社会发展的深远影响,在此基础上相继论述人类社会中市场、法律、宗教等典型制度的自发成熟模式,形成一套逻辑闭合的社会机制理论。围绕个人私利与社会公利、消费行为与经济发展、市场自由与制度管理三个问题,曼德维尔的思想理论在亚当·斯密、托斯丹·邦德·凡勃伦、冯·哈耶克等后世学者的阐发中不断获得验证与批判,在现代社会经济问题中也有所反映。

In The Fable of the Bees:Private Vices,Publick Benefits,Bernard Mandeville organically connects the self-interest nature of human beings with the public interests of society,and reveals the profound influence of human nature on social development.On this basis,he successively discusses the spontaneous mature mode of typical systems such as market,law and religion in human society,forming a set of logical closed social mechanism theory.Around the three issues of personal and social interests,consumer behavior and economic development,market freedom and institutional management,Mandeville’s thought and theory has been constantly verified and criticized in the elucidation of Adam Smith,tostan bond Van Buren and von Hayek,and also reflected in modern social and economic issues.